Preferential Flow in Vertisolic Soils with and without Organic Amendments

Ali, Genevieve; Macrae, Merrin L.; Walker, Matthew; Laing, Janelle R.; Lobb, David A.

doi:10.2134/ael2018.04.0018

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The soils of the study area have vertic properties and develop cracks and water preferential flow. It has been highlighted in several works that water infiltration is high in these types of soils [46,47]. Tillage practices reduced infiltration in vertisols as observed elsewhere [48,49], and this may be one of the causes for the high erosion rates in the vineyard and olive orchard plots compared to the cropland (despite the high BD).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)

2020

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The objective of this work is to study the effects of traditional land uses (vineyard, cropland, and olive orchard) on soil properties, overland flow, and sediment loss in the Istria region (Croatia), by using simulated rainfall. The results showed that soil bulk density (BD) was significantly higher in cropland plots compared to the vineyard and olive orchard. No differences were observed in soil water content (SWC) and mean weight diameter (MWD). Water stable aggregates (WSA), soil organic matter (SOM), and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly higher in the olive orchard compared to the other land uses. In cropland, during the experiment, we did not identify runoff or soil losses. Runoff (Run) and sediment loss (SL) were significantly higher in the olive orchard compared to the other plots. This was very likely a consequence of tillage practices in vertic soils, the use of herbicides, low vegetation cover, as well as the incorporation of hydrophobic organic matter in the soil matrix. The principal component analysis results showed that factor 1 explained the majority of the runoff and erosion variables. Erosion rates and nutrient losses were substantially different between olive orchard plots, and vineyard and cropland. Factor 2 showed that WSA was inversely related to the available phosphorus, water holding capacity, and sediment concentration. Management practices in the studied area should use minimum tilling frequency to have plant cover and avoid erosion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)

2020

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“…This can explain why greater WEP values were found in the clay soil in this study, as more P is likely stored in more easily extractable forms. Future work should investigate water chemistry itself and consider other methods of in situ leachate collection such as the use of pan lysimeters (e.g., Williams et al, ) or MicroRhizon samplers (e.g., Ali et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dye staining is an established method to visualize subsurface water and study the relative importance—in terms of spatial extent—of different flowpaths (Forrer, Kasteel, Flury, & Flühler, ; Weiler & Flühler, ). This method is common in agricultural landscapes (Ali, Macrae, Walker, Laing, & Lobb, ; Bachmair, Weiler, & Nützmann, ; Chyba, Kroulík, Lev, & Kumhála, ; Kasteel, Garnier, Vachier, & Coquet, ; Yao, Cheng, Sun, Zhang, & Zhang, ) and other landscapes including grasslands (Bachmair et al, ; Weiler & Naef, ) and forests (Bachmair et al, ; Gimbel, Puhlmann, & Weiler, ). Dye staining has also been used to compare dominant flowpaths under different regional and climatic factors, including soil texture (Bachmair et al, ; Gimbel et al, ), soil moisture conditions (Yao et al, ), rainfall amounts (Bachmair et al, ), and rainfall rates (Weiler & Naef, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dye staining has also been used to compare dominant flowpaths under different regional and climatic factors, including soil texture (Bachmair et al, ; Gimbel et al, ), soil moisture conditions (Yao et al, ), rainfall amounts (Bachmair et al, ), and rainfall rates (Weiler & Naef, ). Within agricultural landscapes, this method has been used to study flowpaths under different management practices including tillage (Chyba et al, ; Kasteel et al, ; Wuest, ) and manure application (Ali et al, ). To date, few studies have investigated the link between subsurface flowpaths and fertilizer placement in no‐till systems, particularly under different texture and moisture conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in preferential flow with antecedent moisture conditions and soil texture: Implications for subsurface P transport

Grant

Macrae

Ali

2019

Hydrological Processes

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Preferential flowpaths transport phosphorus (P) to agricultural tile drains. However, if and to what extent this may vary with soil texture, moisture conditions, and P placement is poorly understood. This study investigated (a) interactions between soil texture, antecedent moisture conditions, and the relative contributions of matrix and preferential flow and (b) associated P distributions through the soil profile when fertilizers were applied to the surface or subsurface. Brilliant blue dye was used to stain subsurface flowpaths in clay and silt loam plots during simulated rainfall events under wet and dry conditions. Fertilizer P was applied to the surface or via subsurface placement to plots of different soil texture and moisture condition. Photographs of dye stains were analysed to classify the flow patterns as matrix dominated or macropore dominated, and soils within plots were analysed for their water‐extractable P (WEP) content. Preferential flow occurred under all soil texture and moisture conditions. Dye penetrated deeper into clay soils via macropores and had lower interaction with the soil matrix, compared with silt loam soil. Moisture conditions influenced preferential flowpaths in clay, with dry clay having deeper infiltration (92 ± 7.6 cm) and less dye–matrix interaction than wet clay (77 ± 4.7 cm). Depth of staining did not differ between wet (56 ± 7.2 cm) and dry (50 ± 6.6 cm) silt loam, nor did dominant flowpaths. WEP distribution in the top 10 cm of the soil profile differed with fertilizer placement, but no differences in soil WEP were observed at depth. These results demonstrate that large rainfall events following drought conditions in clay soil may be prone to rapid P transport to tile drains due to increased preferential flow, whereas flow in silt loams is less affected by antecedent moisture. Subsurface placement of fertilizer may minimize the risk of subsurface P transport, particularily in clay.

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“…Additional factors such as soil texture contrasts, shallow bedrock, and macropore networks also influence perched water tables and lateral subsurface flow in the vadose zone (Dekker & Ritsema, ; Hardie, Doyle, Cotching, & Lisson, ). Preferential flow has important environmental and agronomic consequences, as it can transport surface applied fertilizers and chemicals out of the root zone to greater depths than predicted with Darcian flow (Ali, Macrae, Walker, Laing, & Lobb, ; King et al, ; Smith et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of nutrient loss pathways: Run‐off and seepage flow in Vertisols

Harmel

Smith

Haney

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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Recent studies have highlighted the agronomic and environmental importance of phosphorus (P) movement through the soil profile. Thus, faced with challenges such as high-profile cases of P enrichment of surface water, better understanding of nutrient movement through soil is needed to better manage agricultural fertilizers and manures and their contribution to water quality degradation. In particular, field-

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Preferential Flow in Vertisolic Soils with and without Organic Amendments

Cited by 15 publications

References 61 publications

Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)

Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)

Differences in preferential flow with antecedent moisture conditions and soil texture: Implications for subsurface P transport

Comparison of nutrient loss pathways: Run‐off and seepage flow in Vertisols

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