Prefrontal-Parietal White Matter Volumes in Healthy Elderlies Are Decreased in Proportion to the Degree of Cardiovascular Risk and Related to Inhibitory Control Deficits

Santos, Pedro P.; Silveira, Paula Squarzoni da; Duran, Fábio Luís de Souza; Tamashiro-Duran, Jaqueline H.; Scazufca, Márcia; Menezes, Paulo Rossi; Leite, Cláudia da Costa; Lotufo, Paulo A; Vallada, Homero; Wajngarten, Maurı́cio; Alves, Tania C. T. Ferraz; Rzezak, Patrícia; Busatto, Geraldo F.

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00057

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…Finally, although some studies find associations between BMI and white matter abnormalities, there were no significant associations in our analyses. Causes of white matter abnormalities include vasculopathy, demyelination, and gliosis, but the most common cause associated with aging and cerebrovascular disease is ischemic pathogenesis, or small cerebral vessel disease (Fennema-Notestine et al, 2016;Santos, P.P. et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass trajectories and cortical thickness in middle-aged men: a 42-year longitudinal study starting in young adulthood

Franz

Xian

Lew

et al. 2019

Neurobiology of Aging

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Evidence strongly suggests that being overweight or obese at midlife confers significantly higher risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and greater brain atrophy later in life. Few studies, however, examine associations between longitudinal changes in adiposity during early adulthood and later brain morphometry. Measures of body mass index (BMI) were collected in 373 men from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging at average age 20, 40, 56, and 62 years, yielding two BMI trajectories. We then examined associations between BMI phenotypes (trajectories, continuous BMI, obese/non-obese), cortical thickness, and white matter measures from structural magnetic resonance imaging at mean age 62 (Time 4, range 56-66). Those on the obesity trajectory (N=171) had thinner cortex compared with the normal/lean trajectory (N=202) in multiple frontal and temporal lobe bilateral regions of interest: superior, inferior, middle temporal gyri, temporal pole, fusiform gyrus, banks of the superior temporal sulcus, frontal pole, pars triangularis, caudal and rostral middle frontal gyri (all p<0.05 FDR corrected). Frontal lobe thinness tended to occur mainly in the right hemisphere. Results were similar for obese versus non-obese adults at age 62.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass trajectories and cortical thickness in middle-aged men: a 42-year longitudinal study starting in young adulthood

Franz

Xian

Lew

et al. 2019

Neurobiology of Aging

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“…Song et al analyzed data from a large cohort of older adults ( n = 394) and showed that higher absolute cardiovascular risk was associated with smaller volume in CGM and SGM, but not in CWM ( 9 ). Santos et al ( 36 ) conducted voxel-wise morphometric MRI study of older adults ( n = 156) and reported that, compared to the low and moderate cardiovascular risk groups, the high cardiovascular risk group showed smaller white matter volumes in the prefrontal-parietal region. Our results are consistent with these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk

Makino

Lee

Bae

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundOlder people with high cardiovascular risk, including those without cardiovascular diseases, are an at-risk population for dementia. Regular physical activity is generally recommended to maintain brain health; however, the optimal intensity of physical activity for maintaining brain volume in older adults with cardiovascular risk remains unclear. We examined the associations between intensity-specific physical activity and brain volume stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level in older adults without cardiovascular diseases.Methods and resultsThis cross-sectional study involved 725 community-dwelling older Japanese adults without cardiovascular diseases. We estimated absolute cardiovascular risk using the World Health Organization risk estimation charts, which include variables such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol, and stratified cardiovascular risk level into three risk categories: low (≤ 9%), moderate (10–14%), and high (≥15%). We measured daily physical activity using a triaxial accelerometer, and calculated the average time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and light intensity physical activity (LPA). We performed brain T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and calculated the volume of the cortical gray matter, subcortical gray matter, and cerebral white matter, using the FreeSurfer software. In the overall sample, multivariable linear regression analysis showed that greater MVPA was significantly associated with greater volume of the cortical gray matter and cerebral white matter, and greater LPA was significantly associated with greater volume of the cerebral white matter. Additionally, in the analysis of the sample stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level, cerebral white matter volume was significantly associated with both MVPA and LPA in the high cardiovascular risk group.ConclusionsThe association between physical activity and brain volume differed according to cardiovascular risk level in community-dwelling older adults. In a population at high cardiovascular risk, maintaining or increasing LPA might be a practical and achievable strategy for healthy brain aging.

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“…In fact, patients with coronary heart disease or heart failure experience depression much more often than the general population. 2 In addition, there is evidence that cardiovascular risk factors may favour the development of cognitive decline and dementia. 3…”

Section: Ageing Is Inevitable and Increases Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 2 ] In addition, there is evidence that cardiovascular risk factors may favour the development of cognitive decline and dementia. [ 3 ]…”

Section: Ageing Is Inevitable and Increases Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Improve Clinical Outcomes and Reduce Cardiovascular Risk in Older People with Cardiovascular Disease: Bridging Evidence Gaps

Wajngarten

2023

Eur Cardiol

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The geriatric population is greatly impacted by cardiovascular disease. Thus, it becomes essential to ‘geriatricise’ the cardiologist through the dissemination of geriatric cardiology. In the early days of geriatric cardiology, it was discussed whether it was simply cardiology ‘well done’. Today, 40 years later, it seems clear that this is indeed the case. Patients with cardiovascular disease usually have several chronic conditions. Clinical practice guidelines often address a single condition and do not provide sufficient guidance for patients with multimorbidity. There are several evidence gaps regarding these patients. Physicians and members of the care team need a multidimensional understanding of the patient to better promote the optimisation of care. It is important to understand that ageing is inevitable, heterogeneous and increases vulnerability. Caregivers must know how to assess elderly patients in a multidomain practical way and how to recognise the factors that may have implications on treatment.

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Prefrontal-Parietal White Matter Volumes in Healthy Elderlies Are Decreased in Proportion to the Degree of Cardiovascular Risk and Related to Inhibitory Control Deficits

Cited by 4 publications

References 90 publications

Body mass trajectories and cortical thickness in middle-aged men: a 42-year longitudinal study starting in young adulthood

Body mass trajectories and cortical thickness in middle-aged men: a 42-year longitudinal study starting in young adulthood

Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk

How to Improve Clinical Outcomes and Reduce Cardiovascular Risk in Older People with Cardiovascular Disease: Bridging Evidence Gaps

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