“…Pancreatitis accounts for 3% to 5% of PVT cases by contiguous inflammatory process, direct compression of the PV by a pseudocyst, or a combination of both. Pregnancy, oral estrogens, blunt abdominal trauma, congenital cardiac abnormalities (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and deformed inferior vena cava) [27], surgery in the absence of septic complications [1], or nonsurgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (such as radiofrequency ablation or microwave coagulation therapy) also have been implicated [28][29][30]. Pregnancy, oral estrogens, blunt abdominal trauma, congenital cardiac abnormalities (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and deformed inferior vena cava) [27], surgery in the absence of septic complications [1], or nonsurgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (such as radiofrequency ablation or microwave coagulation therapy) also have been implicated [28][29][30].…”