Pregnancy diagnosis in the mare by immunoassay of estrone sulfate in serum and milk

Mid‐gestation pregnancy is not disrupted by a 5‐day gastrointestinal mucosal cytoprotectant oral regimen of misoprostol

“…Oestrone sulphate concentrations may be used as an indicator of fetal viability [30]. In the pregnant mare, beginning 20 days after breeding, oestrone sulphate concentrations rise to significantly higher concentrations than in nonpregnant mares [31], probably with a contribution from both conceptus [32] and ovarian origins [33]. Serum concentrations have been reported generally to be >30 ng/ml at 80 days of gestation [31], >53 ng/ml at approximately 100 days of gestation [34] and >30 ng/ml in all mares at 120–300 days of gestation [31].…”

Peripartal Endocrinology in the Mare and Foetus

“…Little information exists about endocrine changes at spontaneous abortion because abortions usually occur precipitously and without premonitory signs. In clinical cases of threatened abortion, oestrogen (particularly oestrone sulphate: E 1 S) concentrations are frequently measured to monitor viability of the foeto-placental unit (Sist et al 1987). If the foetus is severely compromised or dead in utero, maternal plasma E 1 S concentrations are baseline because of the absence of the C19 precursors secreted by the foetal gonads.…”

“…Little information exists about endocrine changes at spontaneous abortion because abortions usually occur precipitously and without premonitory signs. In clinical cases of threatened abortion, oestrogen (particularly oestrone sulphate: E 1 S) concentrations are frequently measured to monitor viability of the foeto‐placental unit (Sist et al. 1987).…”