Pregnancy outcomes in women with a hemoglobinopathy trait: a multicenter, retrospective study

Abstract

Purpose To determine the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with a hemoglobinopathy trait. Materials and methods Retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes between pregnant women with a hemoglobinopathy trait (study group; n = 172), and without a hemoglobinopathy trait (control group; n = 360). The medical data were extracted from clinical records of pregnant women attending antenatal care and delivering at the University Hospital Basel or University Hospital Zurich between 2015 and 2018. Results A total of 172 pregnant women with a hemoglobinopathy trait and 360 controls were recruited. Apart from fetal acidosis, the groups did not differ significantly in any variables of adverse neonatal outcomes. Whereas, among the maternal outcomes the rate of abortion, gestational diabetes mellitus, bacteriuria or urinary tract infection, intrahepatic cholestasis, abnormal placentation and anemia postpartum were significantly increased in women with a hemoglobinopathy trait. Conclusion In our study, a hemoglobinopathy trait increased the risk of adverse maternal outcomes but did not increase adverse neonatal outcomes.

A prospective study on prevalence of thalassemic gene disorder and hemoglobinopathies in pregnancy: Antenatal and intranatal outcome in a hospital-based population of Eastern India

“…However, they found significant risk of pre-eclampsia (RR-1.73, CI = 1.01-3.00) in their study. In a retrospective and case-control study done in Switzerland, significant increase in maternal complications,that is, abortion, GDM, urinary tract infection, intrahepatic cholestasis, and abnormal placentation was reported by by Kasparek et al 7 In Iranian case-control studybyAmooee et al, 11 found significant correlation of oligohydramnios with β-thalassemia minor as compared to healthy control (10.8% vs. 5.4%, P=0.001), whereas no significant difference was found with pregnancy hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and polyhydramnios. In our study, also oligohydramnios was the most common pregnancy complication in thal-hbpathies group.…”

“…On analysis of the thal-hbpathies group ( Kasparek et al,7 the median of ferritin level was 41 µg/L (4-623 µg/L).…”

Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnant Individuals

“…In a European case-control study dominated by alpha and beta thalassemia traits (72%), people with hemoglobinopathy trait were found to have higher rates of ASB or UTI in pregnancy (RR 12. 18, 95% 4.76-33.51) than people in a matched control group (24). The presence of Hemoglobin C trait, in contrast, does not appear to significantly increase the rate of ASB (aRR 1.0 (95% CI 0.8-1.3) (23).…”

“…These findings expanded upon those in an older study from Baill and Witter in 1990 (23), who reported higher rates of ASB among pregnant patients with sickle trait compared with patients in a control group (13.0% vs 9%, P =.011). In a European case–control study dominated by alpha and beta thalassemia traits (72%), people with hemoglobinopathy trait were found to have higher rates of ASB or UTI in pregnancy (RR 12.18, 95% 4.76–33.51) than people in a matched control group (24). The presence of Hemoglobin C trait, in contrast, does not appear to significantly increase the rate of ASB (aRR 1.0 (95% CI 0.8–1.3) (23).…”