Pregnancy Results Following Treatment With Clomiphene Citrate

Murray, Moira; Osmond-Clarke, Freda

doi:10.1097/00006254-197206000-00019

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In contrast with their patients, however, our two subjects who resumed spontaneous menstruation after the drug-induced bleeds, eventually returned to the amenorrhoeic state. This finding is in keeping with the usual pattern of resumed spontaneous menstruation in clomiphene treated subjects with anovulatory infertility (Murray and Osmond-Clarke, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone and of immunoreactive oestrogens (oestradiol) in anorexia nervosa: response to clomiphene citrate

1973

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SynopsisIn a study of 11 patients with anorexia nervosa, plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and of oestrogens (oestradiol) were found to be low while the subjects were emaciated. After weight gain, hormone values rose and two patients spontaneously resumed menstruation. Clomiphene citrate was administered on one or more occasions to five patients, and bleeding was induced in the majority of those whose weight exceeded 80% of standard. In two of these patients an irregular cycle resumed for a brief period thereafter. Clomiphene appeared to be of limited practical value in the mangement of patients with anorexia nervosa, but the study provided some elucidation of the relationship between body weight and the menstrual disturbance in this condition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone and of immunoreactive oestrogens (oestradiol) in anorexia nervosa: response to clomiphene citrate

1973

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“…It is therefore questionable whether the activity of cyclofenil in man can be attributed to antioestrogenicity. Indeed, there are several clinical reports which comment upon the oestrogenicity of cyclofenil upon, for example, the cervical mucus and the male breast (Terner, 1966;Sato et al, 1969;Murray & Osmond-Clarke, 1971). Thus the activity of cyclofenil in the treatment of female infertility is probably attributable to the oestrogenicity rather than the antioestrogenicity of the cyclofenil molecule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In women the agonistic activity of clomiphene and tamoxifen is rarely seen and clomiphene produces a thick, scanty cervical mucus; in contrast, cyclofenil would appear to act as an agonist upon the cervix, producing mucus that is thin and copious (Sato, Ibuko, Hirondo, Igarashi & Matsumoto, 1969;Murray & Osmond-Clarke, 1971). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological activity and steroid receptor interactions of cyclofenil with the oestrogen target tissues of the brain, pituitary gland and uterus of the rat

Sp¹,

Leake²,

Id³

1982

Reproduction

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In vitro cyclofenil [bis-(p-acetoxyphenyl)-cyclo-hexylidene methane] competitively inhibited the binding of [3H]oestradiol-17\g=b\ to the uterine cytoplasmic receptor (Kdi = 9\m=.\41 nmol/l). By 24 h after cyclofenil treatment of ovariectomized rats, cytoplasmic oestrogen receptors were altered, in a similar manner, in brain, pituitary gland and uterus. The lowest dose depleted the receptor concentration which was re-established at the intermediate dose and depleted again after the highest dose. Nuclear oestrogen receptors measured in the uterus were raised only after the highest dose of cyclofenil. Uterine cytoplasmic progesterone receptors were increased after cyclofenil, the concentration of progesterone receptor after the high dose of cyclofenil being greater than after a large dose of oestradiol-17\g=b\ or oestradiol-17\g=b\ benzoate. Cyclofenil was uterotrophic; the increase in uterine weight was apparently dose-related and at 24 and 48 h the increase was greater or similar to the increases produced by oestradiol-17\g=b\ or oestradiol-17\g=b\ benzoate. Accumulation of uterine luminal fluid was also observed but oestradiol-17\g=b\ benzoate was more active in this respect. Cyclofenil antagonized all the uterine effects of oestradiol-17\g=b\ benzoate in the immature female rat but only the changes in uterine luminal fluid in the adult ovariectomized rat. Cyclofenil decreased serum LH and increased serum FSH concentrations, effects similar to those of oestrogen except when administered as three daily doses when, unlike oestrogen, no changes in FSH were observed. Antagonism of the activity of oestrogen upon the serum gonadotrophins was not seen. Serum prolactin concentrations were increased 24 h after 0\m=.\5 and 50 mg cyclofenil/kg but not after 10 mg/kg. Cyclofenil was not active in inducing sexual receptivity in ovariectomized adult rats unless previously treated with progesterone when a high level of activity was observed. The results show that the cyclofenil molecule possesses high oestrogenicity which is probably mediated via the oestrogen receptor system. This would suggest that the mechanism by which cyclofenil induces ovulation is most probably related to its oestrogenicity rather than its antioestrogenicity.

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“…In cycles stimulated by clomiphene and hCG, the progesterone increase is higher than in unstimulated cycles. That may largely be attributed to the luteotrophic action of hCG (Radwanska & Swyer 1974;, although corpus luteum function is also enhanced by the administration of clomiphene alone (Jones et al 1970;Murray & Osmond-Clarke 1971;Friedrich & Kemeter 1973).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of laparoscopic follicular aspiration under general anaesthesia on corpus luteum progesterone secretion in normal and clomiphene‐stimulated cycles

Kemeter

Feichtinger

Neumark

et al. 1982

BJOG

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In 32 patients with unstimulated normal cycles and 24 with cycles stimulated with clomiphene and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) all visible follicles were punctured laparoscopically under general anaesthesia for the purpose of in vitro fertilization. In unstimulated cycles the time of surgery was between 24 and 32 h after the first luteinizing hormone (LH) increase in the urine; in the cycles stimulated with h C G (5000 i.u.) laparoscopy was between 35 and 37 h after injection. Blood samples for progesterone determination were taken about 7 days later. Progesterone levels were compared with those in a control group not subjected to surgery, in which the progesterone levels were determined 7 days after the LH increase. There was no statistically significant difference in the progesterone levels in the unstimulated subjects after laparoscopy compared with those in the control subjects but progesterone levels in the stimulated subjects were significantly higher (P(O.0 1). Durations of the luteal phases showed no significant differences thus laparoscopy under general anaesthesia does not impair luteal function.

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Pregnancy Results Following Treatment With Clomiphene Citrate

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone and of immunoreactive oestrogens (oestradiol) in anorexia nervosa: response to clomiphene citrate

Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone and of immunoreactive oestrogens (oestradiol) in anorexia nervosa: response to clomiphene citrate

Biological activity and steroid receptor interactions of cyclofenil with the oestrogen target tissues of the brain, pituitary gland and uterus of the rat

Influence of laparoscopic follicular aspiration under general anaesthesia on corpus luteum progesterone secretion in normal and clomiphene‐stimulated cycles

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