Preharvest aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) effects on ethylene and starch concentrations of ‘Empire’ and ‘McIntosh’ apples

Yield, Fruit Quality, and Storability of ‘Canino’ Apricot in Response to Aminoethoxyvinylglycine, Salicylic Acid, and Chitosan

“…Increased levels of WL during storage could also be a result of increased rates of respiration [ 65 ]. Previous reports have also indicated that AVG improved fruit firmness in sweet cherry [ 13 ], pear [ 21 ], and apple [ 12 , 22 ]. In addition, SA-treated fruit recorded a small reduction in WL ( Figure 2 ), which was associated with improved fruit firmness ( Figure 3 ).…”

“…The control recorded the highest PFD and the lowest yield. Preharvest fruit drop could be minimized with a delayed fruit maturity rate using plant bioregulators that inhibit ethylene biosynthesis [ 22 ]. Ethylene has an effect on indole acetic acid (IAA) depletion that is thought to increase the response of the abscission zone cells to enzymatic signals that stimulate cellular breakdown.…”

“…These enzymes are like cellulase and polygalacturonase, which dissolve the cell wall, accelerate fruit maturity, and eventually induce fruit abscission [ 59 ]. Previous findings revealed that PFD is diminished with delayed fruit ripening using AVG that reduced ethylene biosynthesis via the inhibition of ACC synthase activity [ 22 , 60 , 61 ]. It was reported that spraying apple trees with AVG four weeks before harvest delayed the fruit ripening rate and decreased PFD by 50% [ 12 ].…”

“…Foliar application of plant biostimulants [ 18 ], potassium [ 5 ], abscisic acid (ABA) [ 19 ], chitosan, oligochitosan, and salicylic acid (SA) [ 20 ] effectively reduces the deterioration rate and improves apricot fruit quality and storability. Preharvest foliar applications to control fruit diseases using aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) [ 21 , 22 ], SA [ 23 , 24 ], and chitosan [ 25 , 26 ] have also been claimed to diminish ethylene production. In this aspect, transcriptome testing (RNA sequencing) has been used as a valuable tool to study the molecular mechanism of fruit quality changes in apricot [ 2 , 27 , 28 ], persimmon [ 9 ], kiwifruit [ 29 , 30 ], pummelo [ 31 ], and banana fruit [ 32 ].…”

“…For instance, application of AVG at 125 mg·L −1 decreased ethylene production rates and postponed the climacteric peak, while application at 250 mg·L −1 severely reduced ethylene production by 2–6-fold at the climacteric peak [ 34 ]. Previous reports have shown the role of AVG in reducing fruit drop, improving total yield [ 22 ], and maintaining the fruit quality of apricot [ 35 ], apple [ 22 , 36 ], sweet cherry [ 13 ], and pear [ 21 ].…”