Prehistoric Research in Afghanistan (1959-1966)

Dupree, Louis; Ángel, José; Brill, Robert H.; Caley, Earle R.; Davis, Richard S.; Kolb, Charles C.; Marshack, Alexander; Perkins, Dexter; Solem, Alan

doi:10.2307/1005969

Cited by 63 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Natural routes follow rivers, several of which flow in an east-west direction. The suggestion of 8th millennium BP agro-pastoralists in northern Afghanistan and Tajikistan cannot be verified (Dupree, 1972;Harris, 1996: 563;Harris, 2010: 59), but the small number of known sites in these regions hints at quite early establishment of wheat cultivation. The site of Shortughai (Francfort, 1989;Willcox, 1989;Willcox, 1991) lies on the south bank of the Amu Darya near the ancient city of Ai Khanoum in northern Afghanistan.…”

Section: Possible Routes Of Transmission Of Wheat Cultivation Into Chinamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Further north there are hints that sites in northern Afghanistan and southern Tajikistan may have been occupied as early as the 8th millennium BP by agro-pastoralists, but the evidence is not robust (Dupree, 1972;Harris, 1996: 563;Harris, 2010, 59). The earliest reliable evidence for wheat in northern Afghanistan comes from Shortughai Period I (T. aestivo/durum) (Willcox, 1991), dated in the 5th millennium BP (2887e2030 cal.…”

Section: The Spread Of Early Wheat Cultivation Outside Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The origins of wheat in China and potential pathways for its introduction: A review

Betts

Jia

Dodson

2014

Quaternary International

136

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Section: Possible Routes Of Transmission Of Wheat Cultivation Into Chinamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Spread Of Early Wheat Cultivation Outside Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

The origins of wheat in China and potential pathways for its introduction: A review

Betts

Jia

Dodson

2014

Quaternary International

136

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“…Mesolithic artifacts, Neolithic pottery (about 7.2 kya), bones of domesticated animal and tools (eg, sickle blades used to collect wild grasses) have been uncovered during excavations in the Ghar-i-Mar (Snake Cave) site, in north Afghanistan, indicating early cultivation of wheat and barley (9-11 kya) and domestication of animals (7-9 kya). 1 More recent archeological discoveries include Buddhist relics transported northward from India along the Silk Road, as well as inscriptions engraved on rocks in ancient Hebrew dating from the eleventh to the thirteenth centuries. 2 Although it is still unknown when urban civilizations began in what is now Afghanistan, historians speculate that it possibly occurred between 4 and 4.5 kya.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afghanistan from a Y-chromosome perspective

et al. 2012

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Central Asia has served as a corridor for human migrations providing trading routes since ancient times. It has functioned as a conduit connecting Europe and the Middle East with South Asia and far Eastern civilizations. Therefore, the study of populations in this region is essential for a comprehensive understanding of early human dispersal on the Eurasian continent. Although Y-chromosome distributions in Central Asia have been widely surveyed, present-day Afghanistan remains poorly characterized genetically. The present study addresses this lacuna by analyzing 190 Pathan males from Afghanistan using high-resolution Y-chromosome binary markers. In addition, haplotype diversity for its most common lineages (haplogroups R1a1a*-M198 and L3-M357) was estimated using a set of 15 Y-specific STR loci. The observed haplogroup distribution suggests some degree of genetic isolation of the northern population, likely due to the Hindu Kush mountain range separating it from the southern Afghans who have had greater contact with neighboring Pathans from Pakistan and migrations from the Indian subcontinent. Our study demonstrates genetic similarities between Pathans from Afghanistan and Pakistan, both of which are characterized by the predominance of haplogroup R1a1a*-M198 (450%) and the sharing of the same modal haplotype. Furthermore, the high frequencies of R1a1a-M198 and the presence of G2c-M377 chromosomes in Pathans might represent phylogenetic signals from Khazars, a common link between Pathans and Ashkenazi groups, whereas the absence of E1b1b1a2-V13 lineage does not support their professed Greek ancestry.

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“…from Hathnora in the Narmada valley of central India, found in 1982 in deposits reported to be Middle Pleistocene (Sonakia, 1984(Sonakia, , 1985a(Sonakia, , 1985b, pre-dates the Darra-I-Kur hominid temporal bone fragment found in 1966 in northeastern Afghanistan in association with a Mousterian-type lithic industry and radiocarbon dated a t 30,000 1,900-1,200 years B.P. (Gx1122) (Dupree, 1972). Well-preserved skeletons of over 60 individuals from Sarai Nahar Rai and Mahadaha on the Gangetic plain of northern India have provided a questionable terminal Pleistocene date of 10,050 k 110 years B.P.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper pleistocene fossil hominids from Sri Lanka

Kennedy

Deraniyagala²,

Roertgen

et al. 1987

American J Phys Anthropol

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Between 1978 and 1983 hominid skeletal remains were collected from the cave sites of Batadomba lena and Beli lena Kitulgala in Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon). These are the most ancient specimens of anatomically modern Homo sapiens found thus far in South Asia, radiocarbon dates placing them in the Upper Pleistocene. Morphometric analysis of the remains of some 38 individuals from the two sites indicates that these populations were characterized by medium stature, moderate to pronounced cranial and postcranial robusticity, medium-size permanent tooth crown measurements, prognathic alveolar facial proportions, and low incidence of osseous and dental pathological conditions. Comparisons of these ancient Sri Lankans with other prehistoric skeletal series from South Asia and elsewhere support the hypothesis that muscular-skeletal robusticity was a significant physical adaptation of earlier hunting-foraging populations. A trend towards reduction of sexual dimorphism and development of more gracile body form and smaller teeth appears to have accelerated with the socioeconomic transition to food-production strategies involving agriculture and pastoralism and refinement of technologies for food procurement and preparation, as documented by morphometric studies of later prehistoric inhabitants of South Asia.

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Prehistoric Research in Afghanistan (1959-1966)

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

The origins of wheat in China and potential pathways for its introduction: A review

The origins of wheat in China and potential pathways for its introduction: A review

Afghanistan from a Y-chromosome perspective

Upper pleistocene fossil hominids from Sri Lanka

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