Prehypertension and Its Determinants in Apparently Healthy Young Adults

Senthil, Sunandha; Krishnadasa, Subbalakshmi Narasajjana

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/20626.8447

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…45 Some studies not included in the meta-analysis demonstrated the significant influence exerted by poor sleep quality on the presence of hypertension 34 and levels of BP, 40 and the effect of hypertension on sleep quality. 39 The above results imply that poor sleep quality leads to significant influence on the presence of hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Senthil and coworkers studied the potential mechanism through which elevated BP could interfere with PSQI scores. Senthil and colleagues did not find significant differences in sleep quality between patients with systolic prehypertension and those with normotension, but those with diastolic prehypertension exhibited significantly lower PSQI scores. Moreover, Elliott and associates ascertained that poor sleep quality was significantly correlated with higher SBP and DBP values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some measurements of objective sleep quality have been positively associated with the likelihood of hypertension, such as lower sleep efficiency (being asleep for less than 85% of the time in bed), higher beta power during nonrapid eye movement sleep, and decreased slow‐wave sleep . Some studies not included in the meta‐analysis demonstrated the significant influence exerted by poor sleep quality on the presence of hypertension and levels of BP, and the effect of hypertension on sleep quality . The above results imply that poor sleep quality leads to significant influence on the presence of hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of the methodologies for the included studies varies, but only a few of them (5 of 29) scored ≤50%. 20,35,39,49,50 The study with the lowest rating (37.5%) was not included in the meta-analysis, while the number of participants of the other four studies was 541, which accounted for only 1.20% of the total patients included in the present review only. Therefore, the quality of the methodologies does not have a significant impact on the validity of the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 29 eligible articles, seven were not included in the metaanalysis, whose results are presented herein narratively. Narang and colleagues 34 Senthil and coworkers 39,40 studied the potential mechanism through which elevated BP could interfere with PSQI scores. Senthil and colleagues 39 did not find significant differences in sleep quality between patients with systolic prehypertension and those with normotension, but those with diastolic prehypertension exhibited significantly lower PSQI scores.…”

Section: Studies Not Included In Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subjective sleep quality, blood pressure, and hypertension: a meta‐analysis

Woo

Wong

et al. 2018

J of Clinical Hypertension

154

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Sleep quality is an important aspect of sleep, but no meta-analysis has elucidated its relationship with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. A meta-analysis was conducted in October 2016 using multiple databases, including Embase and Medline.Studies that assessed subjective sleep quality and BP or hypertension were included.Upon full-text evaluation, 29 articles from 45 041 patients were selected, of which 22 articles were included in the meta-analysis and seven were presented narratively. Poor sleep quality was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of hypertension (odds ratio, 1.48; P value = .01). Poor sleepers had higher average systolic BP (mean difference = 4.37, P value = .09) and diastolic BP (mean difference = 1.25, P value = .32) than normal sleepers without statistical significance. Patients with hypertension had significantly worse sleep quality scores (mean difference = 1.51, P value < .01), while BP dippers had significantly better scores (mean difference = −1.67, P value < .01).The findings highlight the relationship between sleep quality and hypertension. global PSQI scores (indicative of poorer sleep quality) than patients with normotension. 14,20 Apart from its association with BP, poor sleep quality may be associated with the dipping pattern of BP. For a healthy patient, there is at least a 10% reduction in nocturnal BP as compared with daytime BP; such a patient is characterized as a "dipper."21 "Nondippers" demonstrate an increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system and a decreased activity in the parasympathetic nervous system, which probably explains the higher nocturnal BP. 22 Nondipping BP is associated with higher risk for cardiorenal organ damage such as left ventricular hypertrophy and cerebrovascular diseases. 23 Poor sleep quality may be associated with nondipping patterns through their disruption of the circadian rhythm. 24This association is supported by previous research reporting higher PSQI global scores for nondippers than dippers. 25,26 However, no metaanalysis has been conducted to summarize these findings.Current evidence suggests a potential association between poor subjective sleep quality and hypertension, but it has not been verified through a systematic approach. The primary aims of the present systematic review and meta-analysis are to summarize current evidence and to determine whether poor subjective sleep quality is associated with elevated BP. The secondary aim is to examine whether the associations differ by geographic regions. | METHODS | Search strategyMultiple databases were used for the present review, namely Medline Search terms included a combination of synonyms of "sleep quality," 9 "hypertension," 3 and "blood pressure" 3 as adapted from relevant review articles. 3,9 All articles with English abstracts were assessed. | Study inclusion criteria• Primary studies with a cross-sectional, prospective, or retrospective design• Studies that examined sleep quality with a self-reported questionnaire• Studies that defined hypertension with cri...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies Not Included In Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subjective sleep quality, blood pressure, and hypertension: a meta‐analysis

Woo

Wong

et al. 2018

J of Clinical Hypertension

154

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Early Life Factors and Longitudinal Blood Pressure Trajectories Are Associated With Elevated Blood Pressure in Early Adulthood

et al. 2019

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Multiple perinatal and early life risk factors have been implicated in the development of hypertension. The BT20 (Birth to Twenty Plus) cohort in urban Soweto, South Africa, previously showed a prevalence of elevated blood pressure (EBP) that ranged from 22.4% at 5 years of age to 34.9% at 18 years of age. We sought to determine the prevalence of EBP at 23 years of age within this cohort and whether this could be linked to any maternal and early life factors and childhood and adolescent blood pressure trajectories. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were completed on cohort participants aged 23 years (n=1540; 49% men). Early life and maternal factors were obtained from previous data. Thirty-six percent of participants had EBP of whom 63% were men ( P <0.001). The only association with maternal or early life factors was greater linear growth from birth to 2 years of age, which conferred a 19% increased risk (odds ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.01–1.41). Women had a 77% lower risk of EBP (odds ratio, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.16–0.34) per SD. Participants within the highest systolic and diastolic blood pressure trajectories (where blood pressure was elevated early and remained elevated) were at significantly increased risk of EBP in early adulthood. For those in the highest systolic trajectory, this resulted in a 4-fold increased risk and for those in the highest diastolic trajectory, a 5-fold increased risk. These findings suggest that risk for EBP in adulthood may be set in childhood and adolescence.

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Prevalence of prehypertension and its risk factors in midlife and late life: Indonesian family life survey 2014–2015

et al. 2021

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Background Early detection of prehypertension is important to prevent hypertension-related complications, such as cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Data regarding the prevalence of prehypertension among mid- and late-life population in Indonesia were lacking. It is crucial to obtain the prevalence data and identify the risk factors for prehypertension in Indonesia, which may differ from that of other countries. Methods The cross-sectional analysis utilized multicenter data from Indonesian Family Life Survey-5 (IFLS-5) from 13 provinces in 2014–2015. We included all subjects at mid-and late-life (aged ≥40 years old) from IFLS-5 with complete blood pressure data and excluded those with prior diagnosis of hypertension. Prehypertension was defined as high-normal blood pressure according to International Society of Hypertension (ISH) 2020 guideline (systolic 130–139 mmHg and/or diastolic 85–89 mmHg). Sociodemographic factors, chronic medical conditions, physical activity, waist circumference and nutritional status were taken into account. Statistical analyses included bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results There were 5874 subjects included. The prevalence of prehypertension among Indonesian adults aged > 40 years old was 32.5%. Age ≥ 60 years (adjusted OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.41–2.01, p < 0.001), male sex (adjusted OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.45–1.88, p < 0.001), overweight (adjusted OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.22–1.70, p < 0.001), obesity (adjusted OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.48–2.12, p < 0.001), and raised waist circumference (adjusted OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.11–1.56, p = 0.002) were the significant risk factors associated with prehypertension. Prehypertension was inversely associated with being underweight (adjusted OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59–0.93, p = 0.009). Conclusions The prevalence of prehypertension in Indonesian mid- and late-life populations is 32.5%. Age ≥ 60 years, male sex, overweight, obesity, and raised waist circumference are risk factors for prehypertension.

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Prehypertension and Its Determinants in Apparently Healthy Young Adults

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Subjective sleep quality, blood pressure, and hypertension: a meta‐analysis

Subjective sleep quality, blood pressure, and hypertension: a meta‐analysis

Early Life Factors and Longitudinal Blood Pressure Trajectories Are Associated With Elevated Blood Pressure in Early Adulthood

Prevalence of prehypertension and its risk factors in midlife and late life: Indonesian family life survey 2014–2015

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