Prejuicios de las enfermeras hacia la población inmigrante: una mirada desde el Sur de España

Abstract

Extract.In the last decades Spain has turned into a receiver of immigrants, this increase has lead to a growing cultural diversity in society which is reflected in the change of the cultural profile of the people who use the public health system.In this project our aim is to approach and understand the prejudices of the nursing staff towards the immigrant population. Methodology.Transversal Quantitative Study. Participants: Nursing professionals from the three public hospitals of Almería. Data collection: Anonymous questionnaire. Results.More than 68% of the sample thinks that "we take advantage of the immigrants by offering them the more dangerous work", without considering that the immigrants leave Spanish people unemployed. Half of the sample agrees with the claim that the ethnic minorities constitute a source of social conflicts and more than 80% relate high immigration levels to a rise in crime. Conclusions.The social prejudices mostly show the opinions of Nurses. We see the development of training and sensitization programs as key in order to change these negative opinions among health professionals Enfermería GlobalNº 27 Julio 2012Página 98 RESUMENEn las últimas décadas España se ha convertido en un país receptor de inmigrantes, este aumento conlleva una creciente diversidad cultural en la sociedad que se refleja en el cambio del perfil cultural de los usuarios del sistema sanitario público.En este trabajo se ha marcado como objetivo tener una primera aproximación a los prejuicios que tiene el personal de Enfermería acerca de la población inmigrante.Metodología. Estudio cuantitativo transversal. Participantes: Personal de Enfermería de hospitales públicos de Almería. Recogida de datos: Cuestionario anónimo.Resultados. Más de un 68% de la muestra opina que "nos aprovechamos de los inmigrantes para ofrecerles los trabajos más precarios", no considerando que los inmigrantes dejen a españoles en el paro. Más de la mitad de la muestra está de acuerdo con la afirmación de que las minorías étnicas constituyen una fuente de conflictividad social y más del 80% relacionan inmigración y delincuencia.Conclusiones. Los prejuicios sociales marcan mayoritariamente las opiniones de las enfermeras. Vemos necesario el desarrollo de programas de formación y sensibilización dirigido a estos profesionales como clave para conseguir cambiar estas opiniones negativas

Attitudes towards Immigration among Students in the First Year of a Nursing Degree at Universities in Coimbra, Toledo and Melilla

“…Regarding the healthcare entitlement of the immigrant population, significant differences were observed in responses to the items "the collapse of the health system is largely due to increased immigration" and "in the medium term, the mass arrival of immigrants will cause major healthcare and social problems", where for both items students in Toledo had a worse attitude, followed by Melilla and Coimbra, in that order. These data match those obtained from a sample of nurses in a district hospital in Melilla [19] and from other hospitals in Spain, where the immigrant population is considered to be a major consumer of healthcare resources [39][40][41][42][43]. The fact that students in Melilla have a worse attitude as regards the immigrant population's healthcare rights may be explained by the fact that there is only one hospital in this city, which delivers healthcare not only to the city's residents but also to thousands of Moroccans who cross the border every day specifically to be treated in this hospital [44].…”

“…Other items that may reflect this anti-immigrant feeling are those relating to loss of identity or increased crime rates, for example "immigrants who commit a crime should be deported" and "the arrival of immigrants has led to increased crime", with the least favorable attitude being held by students in Coimbra, followed by students in Melilla and then students in Toledo; other studies revealed similar data [10,[36][37][38][39].…”