Preliminary Assessment of Body Condition Score as a Possible Marker for the Targeted Selective Treatment of Dairy Sheep Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes

Tamponi, Claudia; Dessì, Giorgia; Varcasia, Antonio; Knoll, Stephane; Meloni, Luisa; Scala, Antonio

doi:10.1007/s11686-021-00470-9

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…and other non-bloodsucking nematodes known to reduce body weight (Bath et al ., 2001 ), but has been seen to have some limitations, such as the need to adapt the treatment threshold to the physiological (or productive) situation in a farm (Soto-Barrientos et al ., 2018 ; Aguirre-Serrano et al ., 2020 ). A study carried out in Sardinia Island (Tamponi et al ., 2022 ) aimed to evaluate the use of BCS as a marker of TST in lactating sheep in 2 different lactation periods (third and fifth month of lactation) by comparing BCS with FEC. The results of the study showed a negative correlation ( r = − 0.163) between EPG values and BCS of the studied animals, with the highest EPG values occurring in animals with the lowest BCS.…”

Section: Targeted Selected Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of gastrointestinal helminths in small ruminants to prevent anthelmintic resistance: the Italian experience

et al. 2023

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Helminth infections are ubiquitous in grazing ruminants and cause significant costs due to production losses. Moreover, anthelmintic resistance (AR) in parasites is now widespread throughout Europe and poses a major threat to the sustainability of modern ruminant livestock farming. Epidemiological data on the prevalence and distribution of gastrointestinal nematodes, cestodes and liver-and rumen-flukes in Italian small ruminants are outdated and fragmentary. However, anthelmintics are commonly used to control these infections and often without prior diagnosis. Compared to other European countries, few reports of AR in small ruminants against levamisole, ivermectin and benzimidazoles have been published in Italy, but recent studies suggest that this phenomenon is spreading. Increased and integrated research efforts in developing innovative approaches to control helminth infections and AR are needed and must be tailored to the peculiarities of each context in order to be effectively implemented.This manuscript provides an overview on helminth prevalence and distribution, sustainable treatment strategies and integrated control approaches in small ruminants in Italy. The implementation of targeted treatments and targeted selective treatments is discussed based on different parameters, such as faecal egg count, degree of anaemia (FAMACHA © method), milk production and body condition score. In addition, several Italian studies have also investigated the implementation of alternative strategies such as the use of different natural bioactive compounds or genetic selection for resistance and resilience to helminth infections. These concrete solutions for helminth management in small ruminant farms in the country are reported and discussed, representing a valid example for other Mediterranean countries.

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Section: Targeted Selected Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of gastrointestinal helminths in small ruminants to prevent anthelmintic resistance: the Italian experience

et al. 2023

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“…Sixteen female Santa Inês adult sheep, multiparous, aged between two and five years, healthy, body weight from 30 to 40 kg, and mean body condition score of 3, considering a scale of 1-5 were used (Tamponi et al, 2021). The animals were kept on the premises of the Veterinary Hospital of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará (IMEV/UFPA), in 16 m 2 collective pens, pre-adapted for 30 days, where they received grass cut from Pennisetum purpureum Schumach (Poaceae) daily, the variety was Cameron, balanced feed (Ovimax Campo, Qualy Nutrição Animal, SP, Brazil), ready-made mineral supplementation (Top Line Ovino, Matsuda, GO, Brazil), and water ad libitum.…”

Section: Animals and Study Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amazonian andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis Aubl.) minimizes the formation of postoperative adhesions in the uterus and ovaries of sheep

Francisco¹,

Adriana²,

Gabriela³

et al. 2023

J. Med. Plants Res.

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Postoperative adhesions (POA) are postsurgical fibrinolytic connections that can cause complications, and alternative materials have drawn attention to their prevention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of andiroba oil in preventing POA in the uterus and ovaries of sheep. Sixteen female Santa Inês adult sheep were randomly divided into two groups, a control group (CCG) with eight of them submitted to surgical trauma caused by bipolar diathermy in the uterine horn and right ovary without treatment to prevent POA and another group (AAG) with another eight ewes that underwent the same trauma, but were treated with the application of andiroba oil on the traumatized surfaces. Fifteen days after surgical trauma, the occurrence of POA and laparoscopic adesiolysis were evaluated. The bipolar diathermy was able to cause POA in 75% of the sheep. Bipolar diathermy caused POA in 100% of the CCG ewes and 50% of the AAG ewes. In CCG animals with adherence, in 25% of them, it was possible to perform adhesiolysis partially. Andiroba oil did not completely prevent the formation of postoperative adhesions in the uterus and ovaries of sheep, but it did prevent the formation of dense adhesions, facilitating laparoscopic adhesiolysis.

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“…Different types of questions were included, e.g., yes/no, single-and multiplechoice questions, open-ended questions, and questions with skip logic with a progression through the survey varying depending on the answer. The questionnaire consisted of nine subsections with general and specific questions about: (A) farm (1-13), (B) animals and housing (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), (C) biosecurity, hygiene, and animal purchases (23-32), (D) feeding (33)(34)(35)(36), (E) pasture management (37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51), (F) parasite management (52-65), (G) diagnostics and efficacy checks (66-72), (H) estimation (from the farmer's point of view) of parasitic diseases on the farm (73-75), and (I) voluntary participation in the clinical study (76).…”

Section: Questionnaire and Farm Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These assessments are easy to implement and in most cases, (especially clinical examinations) are cost-effective [12,15,[17][18][19]. Clinical parameters are postulated to be associated to the number of excreted eggs [20][21][22]. However, this may depend on the prevailing nematode species, the host, age, nutrition, and environmental factors [19,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this, the dag score offers a straightforward classification of faecal soiling [28]. As food intake and digestion may be impaired by infections with gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN), affected individuals may suffer from severe weight loss and poor body condition [1,2,20,29]. This can be monitored using the body condition scoring (BCS) system [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation of Faecal Egg Counts with Clinical Parameters and Agreement between Different Raters Assessing FAMACHA©, BCS and Dag Score in Austrian Dairy Sheep

Sajovitz,

Adduci,

Yan

et al. 2023

Animals

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Gastrointestinal nematodes, most notably trichostrongylids, are known to cause significan’t losses in sheep production. Previous studies have shown that monitoring parameters (e.g., FAMACHA©, BCS, dag score) change with increasing egg excretion. These parameters are well known and frequently used for targeted selective treatment. Based on the willingness to participate in this study (based on a previous questionnaire distribution among sheep farmers in Austria) we investigated the associations between faecal egg counts and the FAMACHA©, BCS, and dag scores of 1195 dairy ewes. Faecal samples were analysed using the Mini-FLOTAC technique I and larval culture. Three raters assessed the FAMACHA©, BCS, and dag scores in sheep to calculate the inter-rater agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient. The responses to the questionnaire of 23 farms were used for the evaluation, of which 16 farms were visited. Trichostrongylid eggs were detected in 95% of the faecal samples. The BCS was negatively correlated with the eggs per gram of faeces (EpG) (r = −0.156; p < 0.001) and the FAMACHA© score was slightly positively correlated with EpG (r = 0.196; p < 0.001). A small proportion of sheep (25%) shed the majority of eggs (47% to 84%). A moderate to good agreement for the parameters was found between the raters. In conclusion, the clinical parameters showed only weak correlations with faecal egg counts, and we confirmed that a minority of the flock is responsible for the majority of the pasture contamination with trichostrongylid eggs. Clinical raters should be trained before a study to increase the agreement between them.

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Preliminary Assessment of Body Condition Score as a Possible Marker for the Targeted Selective Treatment of Dairy Sheep Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Control of gastrointestinal helminths in small ruminants to prevent anthelmintic resistance: the Italian experience

Control of gastrointestinal helminths in small ruminants to prevent anthelmintic resistance: the Italian experience

Amazonian andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis Aubl.) minimizes the formation of postoperative adhesions in the uterus and ovaries of sheep

Correlation of Faecal Egg Counts with Clinical Parameters and Agreement between Different Raters Assessing FAMACHA©, BCS and Dag Score in Austrian Dairy Sheep

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