Preliminary Assessment of the Tolerance and Efficacy of Florfenicol against<i>Edwardsiella ictaluri</i>Administered in Feed to Channel Catfish

Gaunt, Patricia S.; Endris, R. G.; Khoo, Lester H.; Leard, A. Timothy; Jack, Sherman W.; Santucci, Timothy D.; Katz, Terry; Radecki, Steven V.; Simmons, Robert L.

doi:10.1577/h03-022

Cited by 41 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In agreement with previously conducted studies with catfish fingerlings, there were no visible gross lesions associated with the FFC treatment (Gaunt et al 2003;Gaunt et al 2004). These comparative mortality data demonstrate that florfenicol administered to catfish infected with F. columnare is safe, significantly reduces mortality, and should be valuable for control of columnaris disease in farmed catfish.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Efficacy of Florfenicol for Control of Mortality Caused by Flavobacterium columnare Infection in Channel Catfish

Gaunt

Gao

Sun³

et al. 2010

J Aqua Anim Hlth

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The studied in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus fingerlings held in 80-L aquaria. Nonabraded fish were challenged by immersion on day 0. Thirty 80-L tanks were randomly assigned in equal numbers to two treatment groups, one in which fish were fed a commercial diet without florfenicol (unmedicated feed) and one in which they were fed a diet containing 10 mg of florfenicol/kg of body weight (medicated feed) for ten consecutive days. Mortality was monitored during the treatment period and a 14-d posttreatment observation period. At the end of the posttreatment period, all fish were euthanized, examined for gross lesions, and cultured for F. columnare. Significantly fewer fish fed the medicated diet died (8.0%) than fish fed the unmedicated diet (54.2%). Flavobacterium columnare was cultured from 15.0% of the medicated fish, compared with 68.9% of the unmedicated fish. The gross lesions in the fish were consistent with columnaris disease, and F. columnare was cultured from 99.5% of the dead fish. No differences were observed in weight gain and appetence between the medicated and unmedicated groups. For the F. columnare strain used in this study, the minimal inhibitory concentration of florfenicol ranged from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/mL in the 30 bacterial cultures obtained from infected fish, and the mean disk diffusion zone of inhibition was 40 mm. There were no adverse effects among the medicated fish. Administration of florfenicol at a dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight for 10 d was efficacious and safe for the control of mortality from F. columnare infection in channel catfish.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Efficacy of Florfenicol for Control of Mortality Caused by Flavobacterium columnare Infection in Channel Catfish

Gaunt

Gao

Sun³

et al. 2010

J Aqua Anim Hlth

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“…, 2003,2004). Florfenicol has been proven to be clinically effective in controlling a variety of bacterial diseases in salmonids and is approved for use in Europe, Norway, Canada, Japan, and South Korea for a variety of fish species (Gaunt et al. , 2003).…”

Section: Pharmacokinetic Parameters For 12 Experimental and Four Contmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 1993). Other work has determined florfenicol to be safe and effective for the treatment of E. ictaluri (enteric septicemia of catfish) in channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus ) when administered orally in feed (Gaunt et al. , 2003, 2004).…”

Section: Pharmacokinetic Parameters For 12 Experimental and Four Contmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in the red pacu (Piaractus brachypomus) after single dose intramuscular administration

Lewbart¹,

Papich

Whitt-Smith³

2005

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…Florfenicol is a fluorinated derivative of thiamphenicol that blocks the peptidyltransferase at the 50S ribosome subunit and acts against a wide variety of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (5). As a medicated feed, florfenicol has been used to treat a wide variety of fish diseases in various warm-and cold-water cultured fish species, including Vibrio anguillarum, Aeromonas salmonicida, Streptococcus iniae, Listonella anguillarum, and Edwardsiella ictaluri, among others (9,11,23,24,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Florfenicol for Treatment of Francisella asiatica Infection in Tilapia

Soto

Endris²,

Hawke

2010

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Francisella asiatica is a recently described, Gram-negative, facultative intracellular fish pathogen, known to be the causative agent of francisellosis in warm-water fish. Francisellosis outbreaks have increased in frequency among commercial aquaculture operations and have caused severe economic losses in every case reported. The lack of effective treatments for piscine francisellosis led us to investigate the potential efficacy of florfenicol for inhibition of F. asiatica in vitro and as an oral therapeutic agent in vivo. The MIC of florfenicol for F. asiatica, as determined by the broth dilution method, was 2 g/ml, which indicates its potential efficacy as a therapeutic agent for treatment of francisellosis. The intracellular susceptibility of the bacterium to florfenicol in tilapia head kidney-derived macrophages (THKDM) was also investigated. Addition of florfenicol to the medium at 10 g/ml was sufficient to significantly reduce bacterial loads in the THKDM in vitro. Cytotoxicity assays done in infected THKDM also demonstrated drug efficacy in vivo, as determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Levels of LDH released from infected THKDM were significantly lower in macrophages treated with florfenicol (P < 0.001) than in untreated cells. In medicated-feed trials, fish were fed 15 mg of florfenicol/kg of fish body weight for 10 days, and the feeding was initiated at either 1, 3, or 6 days postchallenge. Immersion challenges resulted in 30% mean percent survival in nontreated fish, and fish receiving medicated feed administered at 1 and 3 days postinfection showed higher mean percent survival (100% and 86.7%, respectively). A significant decrease (P < 0.001) in bacterial numbers (number of CFU/g of spleen tissue) was observed in treated groups compared to nontreated infected fish at both 1 and 3 days postchallenge. There were no differences in bacterial burden in the spleens between fish treated 6 days postchallenge and untreated controls. In conclusion, if florfenicol is administered during early stages of infection, it has the potential for effectively treating piscine francisellosis, including the capacity for intracellular penetration and bacterial clearance.

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Preliminary Assessment of the Tolerance and Efficacy of Florfenicol againstEdwardsiella ictaluriAdministered in Feed to Channel Catfish

Cited by 41 publications

References 23 publications

Efficacy of Florfenicol for Control of Mortality Caused by Flavobacterium columnare Infection in Channel Catfish

Efficacy of Florfenicol for Control of Mortality Caused by Flavobacterium columnare Infection in Channel Catfish

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in the red pacu (Piaractus brachypomus) after single dose intramuscular administration

In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Florfenicol for Treatment of Francisella asiatica Infection in Tilapia

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