Preliminary Bioequivalence of an Oral Pimobendan Solution Formulation with Reference Solution Formulation in Beagle Dogs

Saengklub, Nakkawee; Boonyarattanasoonthorn, Tussapon; Kijtawornrat, Anusak; Chantasart, Doungdaw

doi:10.3390/vetsci9030141

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…High‐performance liquid chromatography [5] and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry [6] are time‐consuming and expensive detection methods. Furthermore, sample preparation is complex and difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold–graphitic carbon nitride composite electrode for pimobendan detection

Luk,

Chang,

et al. 2023

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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IntroductionHeart failure can lead to death and hospitalization, especially among older adults, and pimobendan is used with human patients. We investigated the electrochemical behavior of Au/g‐C3N4 electrochemical sensors to detect the concentration of pimobendan.ExperimentalCharacterization of the materials was conducted using XRD, TEM, SEM, EDS and FTIR. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to measure the concentration and redox properties of pimobendan.Result and DiscussionsAt a voltage of 0.05 V, a reduction peak appeared, indicating an association between pimobendan concentration (ranging from 0 to 55 μM) and reductive current. At low concentrations of pimobendan concentration from 0.0 to 1.3 μM, the linearity R2 = 0.9149 with a detection limit of 0.29 μM. Dopamine, epinephrine, and uric acid did not interfere with the detection of pimobendan.ConclusionsA composite sensing electrode consisting of 3% Au/g‐C3N4 was fabricated for the detection of pimobendan. A potential pimobendan sensing mechanism on 3% Au/g‐C3N4 was proposed on the basis of these findings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold–graphitic carbon nitride composite electrode for pimobendan detection

Luk,

Chang,

et al. 2023

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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“…Currently used for clinical analysis of pimobendan is by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [5] and Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) [6]. It is time-consuming (more than a few minutes), expensive equipment, and the coexistence of many complex sample preparations that interfere with the actual sample, that is not suitable for tests that require a large number of samples in a short analysis time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Gold-Graphitic Carbon Nitride Composite Electrode for the Detection of Pimobendan

Luk¹,

Chang²,

Wu³

2023

Preprint

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In this study, the preparation of the composite 3% Au/graphite-C3N4 (3% Au/g-C3N4) sensing material was prepared by doping 3% Au onto the surface of graphitic carbonitride (C3N4) for detection pimobendan. By the way of sensing materials characterization, the X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and transmission electron Microscope (TEM) were performed. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to measure the concentration and redox properties of pimobendan. It can be seen that when the voltage value is 0.05 V, and a reduction peak was appeared and the pimobendan concentration (0 to 55 μM) has a relationship with the reduction current value. At low concentrations of pimobendan concentration from 0.0 to 0.8 μM, the linearity R2 = 0.9642 with a detection limit of 0.28 μM. A possible pimobendan sensing mechanism on 3% Au/g-C3N4 was proposed.

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Pimobendan prevents cardiac dysfunction, mitigates cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, and preserves myocyte ultrastructure in a rat model of mitral regurgitation

Boonpala,

Saengklub,

Srikam

et al. 2023

BMC Vet Res

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Background Pimobendan has been proven to delay the onset of congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs with mitral regurgitation (MR); however, molecular underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate (1) the effects of pimobendan on cardiac function, cardiac mitochondrial quality and morphology, and cardiac ultrastructure in a rat model of chronic MR and (2) the direct effect of pimobendan on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cardiac cells. MR was surgically induced in 20 Sprague-Dawley rats, and sham procedures were performed on 10 rats. Eight weeks post-surgery, the MR rats were randomly divided into two groups: the MR group and the MR + pimobendan group. Pimobendan (0.15 mg/kg) was administered twice a day via oral gavage for 4 weeks, whereas the sham and MR groups received equivalent volumes of drinking water. Echocardiography was performed at baseline (8 weeks post-surgery) and at the end of the study (4 weeks after treatment). At the end of the study protocol, all rats were euthanized, and their hearts were immediately collected, weighed, and used for transmission electron microscopy and mitochondrial quality assessments. To evaluate the role of pimobendan on intracellular ROS production, preventive or scavenging properties were tested with H2O2-induced ROS generation in rat cardiac myoblasts (H9c2). Results Pimobendan preserved cardiac functions and structure in MR rats. In addition, pimobendan significantly improved mitochondrial quality by attenuating ROS production and depolarization (P < 0.05). The cardiac ultrastructure and mitochondrial morphology were significantly preserved in the MR + pimobendan group. In addition, pimobendan appeared to play as a ROS scavenger, but not as a ROS preventer, in H2O2-induced ROS production in H9c2 cells. Conclusions Pimobendan demonstrated cardioprotective effects on cardiac function and ultrastructure by preserving mitochondrial quality and acted as an ROS scavenger in a rat model of MR.

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Preliminary Bioequivalence of an Oral Pimobendan Solution Formulation with Reference Solution Formulation in Beagle Dogs

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Gold–graphitic carbon nitride composite electrode for pimobendan detection

Gold–graphitic carbon nitride composite electrode for pimobendan detection

Fabrication of Gold-Graphitic Carbon Nitride Composite Electrode for the Detection of Pimobendan

Pimobendan prevents cardiac dysfunction, mitigates cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, and preserves myocyte ultrastructure in a rat model of mitral regurgitation

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