Preliminary construct and concurrent validity of the Preschool Self-regulation Assessment (PSRA) for field-based research

Effortful control among low-income preschoolers in three cities: Stability, change, and individual differences.

“…However, factor analysis of the effortful control variables yielded two distinct factors, one representing delayed gratification and another representing executive control (Li-Grining, 2005). This factor solution is consistent with results of other studies of effortful control and reinforced the theoretical decision to analyze these two dimensions of effortful control separately (Fisher, Tininenko, & Pears, 2007;Smith-Donald et al, 2006). Furthermore, the effortful control scores were correlated with one another within wave and domain, with an average correlation of .57 among the snack delay and gift wrap variables at Wave 1, .42 among the snack delay and gift variables at Wave 2, and .49 among the shapes and turtlerabbit variables at Wave 2 (see Appendix for details).…”

“…Similarly, executive control tasks require children to control behavior and to focus attention. However, executive control tasks also require children to remember more complex rules, such as tapping a pencil once when an experimenter taps twice but tapping a pencil twice when an experimenter taps once (Blair, Granger, & Razza, 2005;Diamond & Taylor, 1996;Smith-Donald, Raver, Hayes, & Richardson, 2006). Although both delayed gratification and executive control tasks tap inhibition, the two types of tasks place distinct demands on children's behavioral and cognitive skills, with executive control tasks placing a greater burden on children's working memory (Carlson, 2005).…”

The Immediate Impact of Different Types of Television on Young Children's Executive Function

“…Performance on these tasks is often found to be intercorrelated, 14,25 and it is also correlated with parent and teacher assessments of children's self-regulated behavior. 26,27 EF was assessed here by using 4 well-known tasks: Tower of Hanoi, backward digit span, delay of gratification, and head toes knees shoulders (HTKS). Although delay of gratification is considered a measure of EF, especially of inhibitory control, it tends to be less well correlated with the other abilities, 28 theoretically because it taps "hot" or emotional decision-making.…”

Untitled

“…The Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ) The Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SSRQ) (Carey et al, 2004) Self-Regulation Questionnaire Pro-Social (SRQ-P) (Ryan & Connell, 1989) Self-Regulated Learning Interview Schedule (SRLIS) (Zimmerman & Martinez-Pons, 1988) Preschool Self-Regulation Assessment; (PSRA) (Smith-Donald et al, 2007) Note: ** Denotes an attempt to look at the interplay between stressors in two domains. The numbers specify which items of the scale/measure tapped into the domain.…”