Preliminary evaluation of porous metal surfaced titanium for orthopedic implants

Abstract

SummaryRecent results indicate varying degrees of bone ingrowth into porous metal and ceramic bodies. Such homogeneously porous ceramic and metal implants generally possess inadequate mechanical properties, limiting their application to low stress or nonstructural applications. An experiment was performed wherein titanium porous coatings were applied to a wrought titanium bone implant. These surfaces were achieved by plasma spraying of titanium hydride powder, depositing a mixture of wellbonded titanium-titanium oxide with pore diameters varying from .002 to ,005 in.Implant specimens were placed in sheep femora for periods of 14 and 26 weeks.Interface shear strengths were determined by torque tests which indicated approximately a twenty-fold increase over similar tests performed on uncoated control specimens.No adverse affects were noted.

Advancements in three-dimensional titanium alloy mesh scaffolds fabricated by electron beam melting for biomedical devices: mechanical and biological aspects

“…However, the idea of introducing porous materials in the biomedical industry started only in 1970s with the aim to enhance osseointegration and enable bone ingrowth to potentially replace conventional solid/dense implants with porous coatings [4]. In this regard, several engineering materials such as metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites were rendered porous through the adaptation of advanced manufacturing approaches [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In load-bearing orthopedic applications, irrespective of the manufacturing technique, brittle behavior of ceramics and poor strength of polymers limit their applications for bone implants.…”

Use of Trabecular Titanium Implants for Primary Hip Arthroplasty

“…Tytan stosowany jest w medycynie od 1970 roku [9] i uznany został za materiał o dużej biokompatybilności [10,11]. Porowaty tytan -trabecular titanium -charakteryzuje porowatość ułatwiająca tworzenie naczyń krwionośnych w nowo powstającej tkance kostnej.…”

Fortifying the Bone-Implant Interface Part 2: An In Vivo Evaluation of 3D-Printed and TPS-Coated Triangular Implants

“…16,17 TPS-coated surfaces are characterized by a graded distribution of pores ranging from 100-150μm at the surface that transition to a solid base, 18 typically resulting in highly variable surfaces with low pore interconnectivity that do not emulate native bone structure. 14,19,20 Recent articles on engineered bone scaffolds, however, suggest that highly interconnected porous surfaces with pore sizes ranging from 200-400μm and porosities of 45-65% are ideal for maximizing bone-implant integration. 21,22 The recent advent of additive manufacturing, i.e.…”