Preliminary molecular analysis of<i>Pelecanoides georgicus</i>(Procellariiformes: Pelecanoididae) on Whenua Hou (Codfish Island): Implications for its taxonomic status

Paterson, Adrian M.; Wallis, Lise J.; Wallis, Graham P.

doi:10.1080/03014223.2000.9518250

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A comparison of these species with other Australasian teal resolves the NZ taxa as a recent monophyletic group, suggesting a single origin for NZ teal followed by subsequent island radiation, but fails to resolve the trichotomy or indicate direction of dispersal . Preliminary 12S analysis of diving petrels from Codfish Island (off Stewart Island) supports the existence of a marginally distinct form, apparently equating to the Kerguelen diving petrel, living alongside the NZ diving petrel (Paterson et al 2000). Wandering albatross from Antipodes and Campbell Islands show no genetic differentiation, and indeed are little different from the Adams Island form (since synonymised, Burg & Croxall 2004).…”

Section: Offshore Islandmentioning

confidence: 86%

New Zealand phylogeography: evolution on a small continent

Wallis¹,

Trewick²

2009

Molecular Ecology

Self Cite

237

232

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

New Zealand has long been a conundrum to biogeographers, possessing as it does geophysical and biotic features characteristic of both an island and a continent. This schism is reflected in provocative debate among dispersalist, vicariance biogeographic and panbiogeographic schools. A strong history in biogeography has spawned many hypotheses, which have begun to be addressed by a flood of molecular analyses. The time is now ripe to synthesize these findings on a background of geological and ecological knowledge. It has become increasingly apparent that most of the biota of New Zealand has links with other southern lands (particularly Australia) that are much more recent than the breakup of Gondwana. A compilation of molecular phylogenetic analyses of ca 100 plant and animal groups reveals that only 10% of these are even plausibly of archaic origin dating to the vicariant splitting of Zealandia from Gondwana. Effects of lineage extinction and lack of good calibrations in many cases strongly suggest that the actual proportion is even lower, in keeping with extensive Oligocene inundation of Zealandia. A wide compilation of papers covering phylogeographic structuring of terrestrial, freshwater and marine species shows some patterns emerging. These include: east-west splits across the Southern Alps, eastwest splits across North Island, north-south splits across South Island, star phylogenies of southern mountain isolates, spread from northern, central and southern areas of high endemism, and recent recolonization (postvolcanic and anthropogenic). Excepting the last of these, most of these patterns seem to date to late Pliocene, coinciding with the rapid uplift of the Southern Alps. The diversity of New Zealand geological processes (sinking, uplift, tilting, sea level change, erosion, volcanism, glaciation) has produced numerous patterns, making generalizations difficult. Many species maintain pre-Pleistocene lineages, with phylogeographic structuring more similar to the Mediterranean region than northern Europe. This structure reflects the fact that glaciation was far from ubiquitous, despite the topography. Intriguingly, then, origins of the flora and fauna are island-like, whereas phylogeographic structure often reflects continental geological processes.

show abstract

Section: Offshore Islandmentioning

confidence: 86%

New Zealand phylogeography: evolution on a small continent

Wallis¹,

Trewick²

2009

Molecular Ecology

Self Cite

237

232

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, White-capped Albatross Diomedea steadi that nest on the sub-Antarctic Auckland islands are closely related to Shy Albatross Diomedea cauda on small islands near Tasmania, Australia (Abbott & Double 2003a). Shallow divergences exist between South Georgia Diving Petrel Pelecanoides georgicus populations in southern NZ and the Indian Ocean (Paterson et al 2000), and among Black-browed Diomedea melanophrys and Wandering Diomedea exulans Albatrosses from southern NZ, South America and the Kerguelen Islands (Alderman et al 2005). The Chatham Island endemic Magenta Petrel (Taiko) Pterodroma magentae forages as far as Chile, and is closely related to other Southern Ocean petrels including Pterodroma macroptera and Pterodroma lessonii (Lawrence et al 2008).…”

Section: Procellariiformes (Tubenosed Birds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vicars, tramps and assembly of the New Zealand avifauna: a review of molecular phylogenetic evidence

Trewick

Gibb

2010

Ibis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The avifauna of New Zealand is taxonomically and ecologically distinctive, as is typical of island biotas. However, the potential for an old geological age of New Zealand has encouraged a popular notion of a ‘Moa’s ark’ based on the idea that much of the fauna was isolated when Zealandia broke from Gondwana c. 83 million years ago. Molecular phylogenetics has proved useful for exploring the relative importance of different biogeographical processes, revealing for example that ‘tramp’ species (widely dispersing taxa) have arrived in New Zealand even in the last few hundred years, and that some avian taxa have close phylogenetic relatives overseas (predominantly Australian), indicating their recent ancestors were tramps, too. Distinctive taxa with deep phylogenetic ancestry might be ‘vicars’ that owe their presence to vicariance, but lack of close morphological, taxonomic and phylogenetic affinity provides only tenuous evidence for this. Disproving the alternative possibility that apparent vicars are descended from tramps that dispersed in earlier times remains challenging, but molecular analyses have yielded startling insights. Among New Zealand’s iconic taxa, the world’s largest eagle shared a Pleistocene ancestor with a small Australian eagle, and giant, flightless moa are phylogenetic sisters of the much smaller, flying tinamous of South America. The New Zealand avifauna is neither isolated nor stable, but demonstrative of prolonged and ongoing colonization, speciation and extinction.

show abstract

“…The South Georgian Diving Petrel ( Pelecanoides georgicus [ 16 ]) may be a potentially polytypic seabird taxon that is currently considered monotypic [ 18 ], common (15 million individuals), and widespread (occurring throughout the southern oceans [ 21 ]). Therefore, this species is listed as ‘Least Concern’ by the IUCN [ 24 ], but it may comprise several distinct and highly threatened taxa [ 23 , 25 , 26 ]. South Georgian Diving Petrels occur across the southern hemisphere with remaining, allopatric colonies on South Georgia (U.K.), Prince Edward Island (South Africa), Crozet Islands (France), Kerguelen Islands (France), Heard Island (Australia), Macquarie Island (Australia), Bishop Islet (Australia), and Codfish Island/ Whenua Hou (New Zealand) [ 19 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of phenotypic differentiations among South Georgian Diving Petrel (Pelecanoides georgicus) populations reveal an undescribed and highly endangered species from New Zealand

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Unresolved taxonomy of threatened species is problematic for conservation as the field relies on species being distinct taxonomic units. Differences in breeding habitat and results from a preliminary molecular analysis indicated that the New Zealand population of the South Georgian Diving Petrel (Pelecanoides georgicus) was a distinct, yet undescribed, species. We measured 11 biometric characters and scored eight plumage characters in 143 live birds and 64 study skins originating from most populations of P. georgicus, to assess their taxonomic relationships. We analysed differences with principal component analyses (PCA), factorial ANOVAs, and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests. Results show that individuals from New Zealand differ significantly from P. georgicus from all other populations as following: 1) longer wings, 2) longer outer tail feathers, 3) deeper bills, 4) longer heads, 5) longer tarsi, 6) limited collar extent, 7) greater extent of contrasting scapulars, 8) larger contrasting markings on the secondaries, 9) paler ear coverts, 10) paler collars, and 11) paler flanks. Furthermore, we used a species delimitation test with quantitative phenotypic criteria; results reveal that the New Zealand population of P. georgicus indeed merits species status. We hereby name this new species Pelecanoides whenuahouensis sp. nov. Due to severe reductions in its range and the very low number of remaining birds (~150 individuals limited to a single breeding colony on Codfish Island/Whenua Hou) the species warrants listing as ‘Critically Endangered’. An abstract in the Māori language/Te Reo Māori can be found in S1 File.

show abstract

Preliminary molecular analysis ofPelecanoides georgicus(Procellariiformes: Pelecanoididae) on Whenua Hou (Codfish Island): Implications for its taxonomic status

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

New Zealand phylogeography: evolution on a small continent

New Zealand phylogeography: evolution on a small continent

Vicars, tramps and assembly of the New Zealand avifauna: a review of molecular phylogenetic evidence

Analyses of phenotypic differentiations among South Georgian Diving Petrel (Pelecanoides georgicus) populations reveal an undescribed and highly endangered species from New Zealand

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About