Preliminary Observations on the Uptake of Poliovirus by West Coast Shore Crabs

DiGirolamo, Rudolph; Wiczynski, Leokadia; Daley, Michael; Miranda, Florencio

doi:10.1128/aem.23.1.170-171.1972

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…We have previously reported that West Coast shore crabs accumulate a considerable level of at least one enterovirus, type 1 poliovirus (3). Thus, we observed that Pachygrapsus sp.…”

Section: Uptake Of Bacteriophage By Edible Crabsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…It has been well proven that bivalved molluscs (oysters, mussels, and clams) when harvested from sewage polluted waters, even if later cooked, could serve as vectors of viraldisease, e.g., infectious hepatitis (2, 5,6,8,9,10). Recently, it has also been shown that not only these shellfish, but also certain species of crabs, can become contaminated with virus, either from feeding off of contaminated shellfish or as a direct result of residing in sewagepolluted waters (3). However, the actual sites of virus accumulation within these animals is unknown, as is the extent of the hazard presented by the possible survival of virus in edible crabs after processing.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Uptake of Bacteriophage and Their Subsequent Survival in Edible West Coast Crabs After Processing

DiGirolamo¹,

Wiczynski²,

Daley³

et al. 1972

Applied Microbiology

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Edible West Coast crabs (Cancer magister and Cancer antennarius), when in seawater contaminated with coliphage T4, were found to accumulate high titers of this virus. To study the extent of the hazard presented by crabs contaminated with virus, samples of edible crabs were contaminated with coliphage T4 and then processed by boiling. Results indicated that virus in crabs withstood this method of processing. The survival rate varied from 2.5 to 20%, depending upon the processing time. Heat penetration studies showed that, although internal temperature in the crabs was sufficient to inactivate virus, the processing times normally used to cook crabs were not. These results suggest that processed crabs could serve as vectors for the dissemination of virus diseases if the crabs are harvested from a polluted area.

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“…We have previously reported that West Coast shore crabs accumulate a considerable level of at least one enterovirus, type 1 poliovirus (3). Thus, we observed that Pachygrapsus sp.…”

Section: Uptake Of Bacteriophage By Edible Crabsmentioning

confidence: 53%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake of Bacteriophage and Their Subsequent Survival in Edible West Coast Crabs After Processing

DiGirolamo¹,

Wiczynski²,

Daley³

et al. 1972

Applied Microbiology

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“…Even crabs caught in unpolluted waters may be contaminated with viruses accumulated when the crabs were exposed to polluted waters, either by swimming and/or feeding on contaminated shellfish in polluted waters [191]. In laboratory studies, DiGirolamo et al [192] found that crabs concentrated high titers of poliovirus from contaminated mussels and filtered sea water that had been artificially seeded.…”

Section: Proposed Indicators For the Presence Of Viruses In Water Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicator organisms for estuarine and marine waters

Elliot¹,

Colwell

1985

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The use of indicator organisms for estuarine and coastal waters has been reviewed. The natural flora of the environment must be considered in selecting an indicator organism, but, more importantly, recent work which shows a viable but non‐recoverable stage of pathogens entering the marine environment demonstrates that the conventional detection of indicator microorganisms is misleading, if not inaccurate. Results suggest that the newly developed epifluorescent/immunofluorescent direct detection of pathogens in the environment may be the most reliable method for determining public health hazards in marine and estuarine waters.

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“…They can, however, accumulate viruses in their bodies at a level equal to that of the surrounding water. Thus, West Coast shore crabs were shown to acquire enteroviruses from artificially contaminated seawater and by feeding on contaminated mussels (2,3). Within 2 h after crabs were placed in virus-contaminated seawater, poliovirus was present in all parts of blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of rotavirus and enteroviruses from blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus)

Seidel¹,

Goyal²,

Rao³

et al. 1983

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A simple method for concentration and detection of rotavirus and enteroviruses in the blue crab is described. Virus was separated from tissue homogenates at pH 9.5, concentrated by adsorption to protein precipitates at pH 3.5, and recovered by elution of precipitates at pH 9.2. Test samples of 12 to 15 ml were produced from an initial 100 g of crab tissues. Cat-floc precipitation was used to remove sample toxicity for cell cultures. Recovery effectiveness averaged 52% with poliovirus 1, echovirus 7, and coxsackievirus B5 and 23% with rotavirus SAil.

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Preliminary Observations on the Uptake of Poliovirus by West Coast Shore Crabs

Abstract: West Coast shore crabs (Pachygrapsus sp. and Hemigrapsus sp.), when in seawater contaminated with poliovirus or allowed to feed on virus-contaminated mussels (Mytilus californianus), were found to accumulate high titers of virus.

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Uptake of Bacteriophage and Their Subsequent Survival in Edible West Coast Crabs After Processing

Uptake of Bacteriophage and Their Subsequent Survival in Edible West Coast Crabs After Processing

Indicator organisms for estuarine and marine waters

Concentration of rotavirus and enteroviruses from blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus)

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