Preliminary phytochemical screening and  evaluation of antibacterial activity of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Dichrocepala integrifolia &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (L.f) O. kuntze

Mohammed, Tesfaye; Teshale, Chalachew

doi:10.5455/jice.20120401054654

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Various extracts were also analyzed by various phytochemical tests and by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in order to evaluate their chemical composition. The phytochemical screening was done essentially as described [ 19 , 20 ]. Normal phase silica gel GF precoated TLC plates were used to analyze the compounds present in the active crude plant extracts as previously described [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activities of a Plethora of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Hydrolates against Human Pathogens and Their Potential to Reverse Antibiotic Resistance

Njimoh

Nguedia

Mokake

et al. 2015

International Journal of Microbiology

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Microbial infections till date remain a scourge of humanity due to lack of vaccine against some infections, emergence of drug resistant phenotypes, and the resurgence of infections amongst others. Continuous quest for novel therapeutic approaches remains imperative. Here we (i) assessed the effects of extracts/hydrolates of some medicinal plants on pathogenic microorganisms and (ii) evaluated the inhibitory potential of the most active ones in combination with antibiotics. Extract E03 had the highest DZI (25 mm). Extracts E05 and E06 were active against all microorganisms tested. The MICs and MBCs of the methanol extracts ranged from 16.667 × 103 μg/mL to 2 μg/mL and hydrolates from 0.028 to 333333 ppm. Extract E30 had the highest activity especially against S. saprophyticus (MIC of 6 ppm) and E. coli (MIC of 17 ppm). Combination with conventional antibiotics was shown to overcome resistance especially with E30. Analyses of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, phenols, and saponins. These results justify the use of these plants in traditional medicine and the practice of supplementing decoctions/concoctions with conventional antibiotics. Nauclea pobeguinii (E30), the most active and synergistic of all these extracts, and some hydrolates with antimicrobial activity need further exploration for the development of novel antimicrobials.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activities of a Plethora of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Hydrolates against Human Pathogens and Their Potential to Reverse Antibiotic Resistance

Njimoh

Nguedia

Mokake

et al. 2015

International Journal of Microbiology

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“…In contrast, Tatsimo et al [72] investigated the antimicrobial activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum (synonym K. pinnata) on a wide panel of bacteria and yeast and found noteworthy antimicrobial activity in a crude methanolic extract, with MICs ranging from 32 to 512 μg/mL. Likewise, earlier researchers have shown inhibitory effects of D. integrifolia against S. aureus, E. coli, and S. typhi in a dosedependent manner from all crude extracts, mostly in nonpolar solvents except ethanol [73]. Several factors may explain these discrepancies: differences in the plant part or variety, soil or climate, collection or postharvest treatment, extraction procedure, etc.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…e present study finds broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity (extracts effective against a panel of test bacteria) with plants such as Ampelocissus tomentosa, Boerhavia diffusa, Dichrocephala integrifolia, Pedilanthus tithymaloides, Paris polyphylla, and Sapindus mukorossi. Indeed, plants such as Boerhavia diffusa [76], Dichrocephala integrifolia [73], Pedilanthus tithymaloides [77], Paris polyphylla [78,79], and Sapindus mukorossi [80,81] were previously reported for their antimicrobial properties. However, we report here for the first time that the methanolic extract of Ampelocissus tomentosa root is effective against all tested pathogens: Gram-positives, Gram-negatives, and Candida albicans.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, and Anthelmintic Activities of Medicinal Plants of Nepal Selected Based on Ethnobotanical Evidence

Joshi

Panda

Jouneghani

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Infections by microbes (viruses, bacteria, and fungi) and parasites can cause serious diseases in both humans and animals. Heavy use of antimicrobials has created selective pressure and caused resistance to currently available antibiotics, hence the need for finding new and better antibiotics. Natural products, especially from plants, are known for their medicinal properties, including antimicrobial and anthelmintic activities. Geoclimatic variation, together with diversity in ethnomedicinal traditions, has made the Himalayas of Nepal an invaluable repository of traditional medicinal plants. We studied antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic activities of medicinal plants, selected based upon ethnobotanical evidence. Methods. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts were tested (1) on a panel of microbes: two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria innocua), four Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and Shigella sonnei), and one fungal species: Candida albicans; (2) against three different viruses: yellow fever, chikungunya, and enterovirus; and (3) on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Also, cytotoxicity was assessed on human hepatoma (Huh), rhabdosarcoma (RD), and Vero (VC) cell lines. Results. Of 18 plants studied, Ampelocissus tomentosa and Aleuritopteris anceps inhibited S. aureus (MIC 35 μg/mL and 649 μg/mL, respectively) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC 15 μg/mL and 38 μg/mL, respectively). Rhododendron arboreum and Adhatoda vasica inhibited S. enterica (MIC 285 μg/mL and 326 μg/mL, respectively). Kalanchoe pinnata, Ampelocissus tomentosa, and Paris polyphylla were active against chikungunya virus, and Clerodendrum serratum was active against yellow fever virus (EC50 15.9 μg/mL); Terminalia chebula was active against enterovirus (EC50 10.6 μg/mL). Ampelocissus tomentosa, Boenninghausenia albiflora, Dichrocephala integrifolia, and Kalanchoe pinnata significantly reduced C. elegans motility, comparable to levamisole. Conclusions. In countries like Nepal, with a high burden of infectious and parasitic diseases, and a current health system unable to combat the burden of diseases, evaluation of local plants as a treatment or potential source of drugs can help expand treatment options. Screening plants against a broad range of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) will support bioprospecting in Nepal, which may eventually lead to new drug development.

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“…This is in agreement with the findings of previous workers. 26 Moreover, other workers have attributed antiviral activity of medicinal plants to be due to the presence of anthraquinones, phenolics, terpenes and flavonoids. 21,27,28 There is a general misguided perception that herbal preparations are safe and thus the documentation of the toxic potential of herbal medicine and nutrients remains elusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Activity of Dicrocephala Integrifolia (Kuntze) Against Herpes Simplex Type-1 Virus: An in vitro Study

Hadun¹,

Mbaria²,

Aboge³

et al. 2018

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Introduction: At present, acyclovir is commercially available as the drug of choice for managing herpes simplex type I (HSV-1) viral infection. However, the high prevalence of the infection coupled with the emergence of resistant viral strains has limited its effectiveness. Thus, the development of novel antiviral agents is crucial. Practitioners of herbal medicine in Kenya make use of Dicrocephala integrifolia (DI) for the management of several diseases including viral infections. However, information on the efficacy of this plant against HSV-1 viral infection is not available. The aim of the present study was to determine the in vitro antiviral activity of crude extracts of DI against HSV-1. Methods: Leaves, roots, flowers and stems of DI were extracted using water (W) and methanol (ME) and qualitatively screened to identify the phytoconstituents present. Furthermore, the anti HSV-1 activity of the obtained extracts was evaluated on Vero cell lines using the 3-[4, 5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC 50 ) and 50% effective concentration (EC 50 ) of each extract was determined using regression analysis. The effects of crude DI extracts on adsorption and post-adsorption stages of the HSV-1 replication cycle was evaluated against acyclovir using a cytopathogenic inhibition assay. Results: Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and terpenoids were found to be present in the extracts. The CC 50 values of the aqueous DI extracts was in the range 71.31 ± 2.65 to >100 µg/ml compared to >100 µg/ml of acyclovir. The EC 50 values of crude extracts of DI on the pre-adsorptive phase of HSV-1 activity was in the range 54.45±3.45 to >100µg/ml compared to 4.772±7.81µg/ml of acyclovir whilst the EC 50 value of the crude extracts of DI on the post-adsorptive phase of HSV-1 activity was in the range 45.270±4.31 to >100µg/ml compared to >100µg/ml of acyclovir. Conclusion: The results suggest that crude extracts of DI may be a reservoir of phytochemicals with potentially good efficacy against HSV-1.

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Preliminary phytochemical screening and evaluation of antibacterial activity of <i>Dichrocepala integrifolia </i> (L.f) O. kuntze

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Antimicrobial Activities of a Plethora of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Hydrolates against Human Pathogens and Their Potential to Reverse Antibiotic Resistance

Antimicrobial Activities of a Plethora of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Hydrolates against Human Pathogens and Their Potential to Reverse Antibiotic Resistance

Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, and Anthelmintic Activities of Medicinal Plants of Nepal Selected Based on Ethnobotanical Evidence

Antiviral Activity of Dicrocephala Integrifolia (Kuntze) Against Herpes Simplex Type-1 Virus: An in vitro Study

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