The U.S. Geological Survey conducts a variety of programs to determine the amounts and availability of energy-related geologic resources and to aid in the management of their development. Four of these programs are devoted to gaining a better understanding of the nature and distribution of (1) oil and gas, (2) coal, (3) nuclear fuels, and (4) chemical resources, with special emphasis on developing an effective resource-assessment capability. Operating under the purview of the Office of Energy Resources, each of these programs involves geological, geochemical, and geophysical investigations of many types. This report describes the background, goals, and directions of the nuclear fuels program, and its significant accomplishments during the past 3 years.