Preliminary Seroepidemiological Studies on the Human Syncytial Virus

Achong, B. G.; Epstein, M. A.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-40-1-175

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…An early seroepidemiological report had indicated that whereas 17% of Kenyan Africans had antibodies to HSV, sera from three other countries (Tunisia, Singapore, and Great Britain) were negative [9]. In contrast to the preceding study, two other studies of human sera, which included 70 from Africa, reported the absence of antibodies to the agent [6].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…At the present time little is known con cerning the role of HSV in human disease. In the study on the Kenyan Africans, where a substantial incidence (17%) of positive anti body reactivity was reported, it is of particular significance to note that most of these positive reactions were seen in patients with tumors [9]. Furthermore, although HSV was originally isolated from cultures of a human NPC, it was found that those with NPC showed no greater evidence of infection (24%) than did patients with other tumors of the oronasopharynx (25%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We have demonstrated the presence of HSV antibody in nine widely dispersed communities in the Pacific region, where chimpanzees and other simian populations are not naturally found and consequently humans are unlikely to be exposed to the agent. As pointed out previously, the immunological relatedness of HSV to the simian foamy virus type 6 only serves to support the uniqueness of the humanderived agent, since an agent with such cross reactivities has not been reported among this group of viruses [9], Lastly, it should be noted that HSV was originally isolated from NPC cell cultures which were grown only in human serum and in the absence of feeder layer cultures from any other animal sources [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A preliminary seroepidemiological study uti lizing a small number of human sera (241) from Kenya, Tunisia, Singapore and Britain indicated that 17% of Kenyans had antibodies to the human agent [9]. Sera from the other countries were negative.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroepidemiology of Human Syncytial Virus: Antibody Prevalence in the Pacific

Loh

Matsuura

Mizumoto³

1980

Intervirology

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A seroepidemiological survey of the human syncytial (foamy) virus was done by means of an indirect immunofluorescence test on 1,717 sera from nine different Pacific island territories. The specificity of the reaction was verified by neutralization tests. The study indicated that the virus is ubiquitous in this part of the world, with no region being entirely free of antibody. The antibody prevalence ranged from a low of 1.2% in Ponape to a high of 15.6% in the Cook Islands. The average prevalence for the nine insular communities was 6.9%.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroepidemiology of Human Syncytial Virus: Antibody Prevalence in the Pacific

Loh

Matsuura

Mizumoto³

1980

Intervirology

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“…Early seroepidemiological studies suggested that HFV infection is common in East Africa (Kenya and Uganda) and some Pacific islands and rare in regions of North Africa (Tunisia), North America, and Britain (3,290,347). However, this was disputed by Brown and colleagues (74,75), who failed to detect markers of HFV infection in people from any of these areas.…”

Section: Human Foamy Virusmentioning

confidence: 83%

Human RNA “Rumor” Viruses: the Search for Novel Human Retroviruses in Chronic Disease

Voisset

Weiss

Griffiths

2008

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

145

156

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SUMMARY Retroviruses are an important group of pathogens that cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals. Four human retroviruses are currently known, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1, which causes AIDS, and human T-lymphotropic virus type 1, which causes cancer and inflammatory disease. For many years, there have been sporadic reports of additional human retroviral infections, particularly in cancer and other chronic diseases. Unfortunately, many of these putative viruses remain unproven and controversial, and some retrovirologists have dismissed them as merely “human rumor viruses.” Work in this field was last reviewed in depth in 1984, and since then, the molecular techniques available for identifying and characterizing retroviruses have improved enormously in sensitivity. The advent of PCR in particular has dramatically enhanced our ability to detect novel viral sequences in human tissues. However, DNA amplification techniques have also increased the potential for false-positive detection due to contamination. In addition, the presence of many families of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) within our DNA can obstruct attempts to identify and validate novel human retroviruses. Here, we aim to bring together the data on “novel” retroviral infections in humans by critically examining the evidence for those putative viruses that have been linked with disease and the likelihood that they represent genuine human infections. We provide a background to the field and a discussion of potential confounding factors along with some technical guidelines. In addition, some of the difficulties associated with obtaining formal proof of causation for common or ubiquitous agents such as HERVs are discussed.

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Absence of serological evidence for foamy virus infection in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

et al. 1996

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Foamy virus (FV) infection has been implicated in the pathogenesis of sporadic motor neuron disease (MND) by means of serological assays. To confirm these results we tested serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 23 cases of clinically verified non-familial MND and 11 cases of suspected non-familial MND for the presence of FV infection as determined by Western blot (WB) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Using the same tests we also screened sera from 87 healthy chimpanzees for the presence of FV antibodies. None of the human samples in question tested positive. However, the testing revealed that 84 of 87 chimpanzees (96.6%) were seropositive for FV, indicating that combined WB and IFA are suitable methods for the serodiagnosis of FV infection. Given these results an association of FV infection and sporadic MND is highly improbable. Furthermore a suggested therapeutic trial with anti-retroviral drugs appears unjustified.

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Preliminary Seroepidemiological Studies on the Human Syncytial Virus

Cited by 33 publications

References 1 publication

Seroepidemiology of Human Syncytial Virus: Antibody Prevalence in the Pacific

Seroepidemiology of Human Syncytial Virus: Antibody Prevalence in the Pacific

Human RNA “Rumor” Viruses: the Search for Novel Human Retroviruses in Chronic Disease

Absence of serological evidence for foamy virus infection in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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