Preliminary studies on the bacterial flora of faeces taken from foals, from birth to twelve weeks. Effect of the oral administration of a commercial colostrum replacer

Julliand, V.; Vaux, A de; Villard, Laurence; Richard, Y.

doi:10.21836/pem19960308

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In parallel with the enhancement of forage intake rich in complex parietal carbohydrates, we observed the establishment of fibrolytic bacteria, as in the rumen of lambs (56) . In accordance with previous data in foal faeces (13) and lamb rumen (58) , cellulolytic bacteria first appeared at d2 and increased progressively, reaching stable values at d30. From the second week of life, the molar proportion of acetate and the ratio (acetate þ propionate): butyrate increased.…”

Section: Establishment Of the Bacterial Carbohydrate-degrading Capacisupporting

confidence: 92%

Bacterial carbohydrate-degrading capacity in foal faeces: changes from birth to pre-weaning and the impact of maternal supplementation with fermented feed products

et al. 2013

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The present study aimed at (1) describing age-related changes in faecal bacterial functional groups involved in carbohydrate degradation and in their activities in foals (n 10) from birth (day (d) 0) to 6 months (d180) and (2) investigating the effect of maternal supplementation (five mares per treatment) from d2 45 to d60 with fermented feed products on response trends over time of the foal bacterial carbohydratedegrading capacity. Maternal supplementation with fermented feed products stimulated foal growth from d0 to d60 and had an impact on the establishment of some digestive bacterial groups and their activities in foals from d0 to d5 but not in the longer term. Irrespective of the maternal treatment, total bacteria, total anaerobic, lactate-utilising and amylolytic bacteria were established immediately after birth (P, 0·05) and were active as shown by the significant increase in total volatile fatty acids. In the foals of supplemented mares, total anaerobes and lactate utilisers were established rapidly between d0 and d2 (P¼ 0·021 and 0·066, respectively) and the increase in the percentage of propionate occurred earlier (P¼0·013). Maternal supplementation had no effect on the establishment of fibrolytic bacteria and their activity. Cellulolytic bacteria and Fibrobacter succinogenes first appeared at d2 and d5, and increased progressively, reaching stable values at d30 and d60, respectively. From the second week of life, the increase in the molar percentage of acetate and the ratio (acetate þ butyrate):propionate (P, 0·05) suggested that fibrolytic activity had begun. From d60, only minor changes in bacterial composition and activities occurred, showing that the bacterial carbohydrate-degrading capacity was established at 2 months of age.

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Section: Establishment Of the Bacterial Carbohydrate-degrading Capacisupporting

confidence: 92%

Bacterial carbohydrate-degrading capacity in foal faeces: changes from birth to pre-weaning and the impact of maternal supplementation with fermented feed products

et al. 2013

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“…Regarding the length of our experiments, an hypothesis was that the increasing age of horses, as well as the season, could interfere with the effect of training. Age probably influences digestion either in very young (Cymbaluk et al 1989;Julliand et al 1996;Yuyama et al 2004;Ringler et al 2009) or mature horses, more than 20-years-old (Ralston et al 1989). In mature horses, such an hypothesis has not been demonstrated and is questionable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age probably influences digestion either in very young (Cymbaluk et al . 1989; Julliand et al . 1996; Yuyama et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term effects of endurance training on total tract apparent digestibility, total mean retention time and faecal microbial ecosystem in competing Arabian horses

Goachet¹,

Varloud²,

Philippeau³

et al. 2010

Equine Veterinary Journal

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SummaryReasons for performing study: In endurance horses, commonly fed 80% forage, energy is provided mainly by VFA produced in the hindgut during cell wall degradation, but cell wall digestibility has been reported to be impaired by exercise. Objectives: To assess the influence of a long-term endurance conditioning on cell wall digestion in horses. Methods: The total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fibrous constituents, solid and liquid total mean retention time and the faecal microbial ecosystem of purebred Arabian horses were measured for 2 years in 2 longitudinal experiments. Measurements: Performed at the beginning of each year for control level and after conditioning periods corresponding to incremental endurance racing levels: 60, 90 (year 1) and 120 (year 2) km. During the 5 measurement periods, feed intake and diet composition were similar. Results: In year 1, digestibility of DM, OM and NDF was higher after 10 weeks of training (P = 0.008, P = 0.010 and P = 0.031, respectively), corresponding to the 90 km level, compared to the pretraining level. In year 2, NDFd and (NDF-ADF)d tended to be higher (P = 0.06 and P = 0.07, respectively) after the 17 weeks conditioning necessary to reach 120 km level, than before training. These variations were not systematically associated to a longer total MRT, neither to an increase in the microbial fibrolytic activity. Conclusions: Digestibility of DM, OM and NDF appeared to be higher after endurance conditioning. Such an increase could be beneficial for endurance horses as it would provide more energy from forage degradation. Additional experiments are needed to elucidate the mechanisms, understand some contradictory results and investigate methodological aspects.evj_188 387..392

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“…Lactobacilli, enterococci, and clostridia were isolated from feces as early as 3 d post parturition. Enrichments of cellulolytic and lactic acid bacteria indicated that these guilds were present in feces at levels similar to mature horses by 12 weeks [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Bacterial Colonization of the Equine Gut; Comparison of Mare and Foal Pairs by PCR-DGGE

Earing¹,

Durig²,

Gellin³

et al. 2012

AiM

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Horses, like all animals, are born without the symbiotic microbes that occupy the gastrointestinal tracts of mature animals. As grazing animals, horses rely on these microbes to fully utilize the grasses and other cellulosic feeds that they consume. Thus, colonization of the foal's gastrointestinal tract must occur between birth and weaning. The feces of nine mare and foal pairs were sampled from the day of parturition until 12 weeks of age, and the samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The gels from feces of day (d) 0 foals had no or very few (x = 3, n = 6) bands, which indicates that species richness was low. The number of bands increased during the first 4 days of life, and by d 14 the foals and mares had similar numbers of bands (x = 28, n = 23). Some bands were present in young foals, but not in mares or in foals on d 42 or d 84, which indicated succession of bacterial species. When the PCR-DGGE profiles were compared with Dice's algorithm, all mare-foal pairwise similarities on d 14 and later were as great as the pairwise similarities between mares. These results are consistent with the idea that foals are born with a sterile gut, colonization proceeds rapidly, and a mature microbial community is present in the first few weeks of life.

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Preliminary studies on the bacterial flora of faeces taken from foals, from birth to twelve weeks. Effect of the oral administration of a commercial colostrum replacer

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Bacterial carbohydrate-degrading capacity in foal faeces: changes from birth to pre-weaning and the impact of maternal supplementation with fermented feed products

Bacterial carbohydrate-degrading capacity in foal faeces: changes from birth to pre-weaning and the impact of maternal supplementation with fermented feed products

Long‐term effects of endurance training on total tract apparent digestibility, total mean retention time and faecal microbial ecosystem in competing Arabian horses

Bacterial Colonization of the Equine Gut; Comparison of Mare and Foal Pairs by PCR-DGGE

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