Fatigue test of the welded joint of 5083 aluminum alloy with smooth and height of specimen and the weld zone than the high test measurement and theoretical stress concentration coefficient calculation, the weld reinforcement effect of stress concentration on the fatigue performance of welded joints. The results show that: Smooth tensile strength of specimens for 264MPa, fatigue strength is 95MPa, the tensile strength of the 36%. Higher tensile strength of specimens for 320MPa, fatigue strength is 70MPa, the tensile strength of the 22%. Higher specimen stress concentration coefficient is 1.64, the stress concentration to the weld toe becomes fatigue initiation source, and reduces the fatigue strength and the fatigue life of welded joints.