Preliminary study of the effect of earthquakes on the rainfall threshold of debris flows

Yu, Bin; Wu, Yufu; Chu, Shengming

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.04.007

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…If failure is not reached—for instance, if the hydrological input is insufficient or short lasted and sufficient time is allowed for the pore pressures to dissipate (i.e., if the role of antecedent rainfall can be excluded)—the coarsened and densified slope will be less susceptible to failure during the subsequent hydrological event. This is consistent with the observed recovery of the landslide‐triggering rainfall thresholds after the coseismic drop (e.g., Yu et al, ). Evidences of enhanced erosion of small particles and transport through the fluvial network following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake were also shown, for instance, by G. Li et al () and G. Wang et al ().…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Coseismic landslide deposits are very sensitive to hydrological inputs soon after the earthquake (e.g., Hovius et al, ; R. Huang & Fan, ; Marc et al, ; Yu et al, ). However, this high sensitivity is short lived, as landslide‐triggering rainfall thresholds and landslide rates tend to normalize quickly, in about a decade (Marc et al, ; W. Wang et al, ; W. Yang et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internal Erosion Controls Failure and Runout of Loose Granular Deposits: Evidence From Flume Tests and Implications for Postseismic Slope Healing

Scaringi

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Landslides in granular soils can be highly hazardous when exhibiting flow‐like behavior. The extensive mass wasting associated with the 2008 Mw = 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake (China) left several cubic kilometers of loose granular material deposited along steep slopes and in low‐order channels. Rainfall‐triggered remobilization of these deposits evolved often into catastrophic flow‐like landslides. Ten years after the earthquake, most of the deposits are still in place but landslide rates have decreased significantly. Internal erosion‐induced grain coarsening is one possible process producing this decrease. Through experiments on loose artificial slopes we demonstrate the major role of the internally erodible small grains in triggering failure and fluidization and producing grain coarsening. Under the same hydraulic boundary, if the erodible fraction is removed or reduced, the loose deposits remain stable or fail without fluidizing. Our results provide an experimental evidence to the patterns of sediment export and debris flows observed in nature after a strong earthquake.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Erosion Controls Failure and Runout of Loose Granular Deposits: Evidence From Flume Tests and Implications for Postseismic Slope Healing

Scaringi

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…These critical rainfall thresholds gradually recover to pre‐earthquake values (Figures and ). How long it takes for this recovery is still an open question, and estimates range from less than a decade to as much as a century (Cui et al, ; Huang & Fan, ; Koi et al, ; Yu et al, ; Zhang & Zhang, ).…”

Section: Post‐seismic Geological Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake‐Induced Chains of Geologic Hazards: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Impacts

Fan

Scaringi

Korup

et al. 2019

Reviews of Geophysics

660

325

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Large earthquakes initiate chains of surface processes that last much longer than the brief moments of strong shaking. Most moderate‐ and large‐magnitude earthquakes trigger landslides, ranging from small failures in the soil cover to massive, devastating rock avalanches. Some landslides dam rivers and impound lakes, which can collapse days to centuries later, and flood mountain valleys for hundreds of kilometers downstream. Landslide deposits on slopes can remobilize during heavy rainfall and evolve into debris flows. Cracks and fractures can form and widen on mountain crests and flanks, promoting increased frequency of landslides that lasts for decades. More gradual impacts involve the flushing of excess debris downstream by rivers, which can generate bank erosion and floodplain accretion as well as channel avulsions that affect flooding frequency, settlements, ecosystems, and infrastructure. Ultimately, earthquake sequences and their geomorphic consequences alter mountain landscapes over both human and geologic time scales. Two recent events have attracted intense research into earthquake‐induced landslides and their consequences: the magnitude M 7.6 Chi‐Chi, Taiwan earthquake of 1999, and the M 7.9 Wenchuan, China earthquake of 2008. Using data and insights from these and several other earthquakes, we analyze how such events initiate processes that change mountain landscapes, highlight research gaps, and suggest pathways toward a more complete understanding of the seismic effects on the Earth's surface.

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“…Abundant loose solid erodible material from co-seismic rock falls and landslides are then deposited in gullies, which form the source material for debris flows (Shieh et al 2009). Numerous debris flows have been triggered during the rainy season in the years following an earthquake (Yu et al 2014). The frequency and magnitude of debris flows were thus increased significantly after the Wenchuan earthquake of 2008 (Cui et al 2011;Chen et al 2013); during the rainy seasons in the past five years, over 800 debris flows have occurred and this has caused great damage to the resettled population and the reconstruction efforts .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study of the Characteristics and Dynamic Process of July 10, 2013, Catastrophic Debris Flows in Wenchuan County, China

Hu¹,

Chen²,

Tanoli³

et al. 2016

Earth sci. res. j.

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The Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008, generated a significant amount of loose solid material that can produce devastating debris flows. In the five years since the earthquake, there have been many large-scale individual and group catastrophic debris flows that have caused lots of damage to the resettled population and the reconstruction efforts. The reconstructed towns of Yingxiu, Yinxing and Miansi have suffered debris flows and other secondary disasters in the past five years and are still not out of danger in the future. A debris-flow catastrophic event hit four towns of Wenchuan County along the Duwen Highway, part of China's National Highway 213, at midnight on July 10, 2013, following a local extreme rainfall of 176.2mm 24h-1. The debris flows occurred simultaneously along seven gullies. A total of 15000 people were affected due to the destruction of resettlement areas, factories, power stations, and houses. Because of this devastating event, traffic along the Duwen highway was completely disrupted during the disaster and recovery period. The present study focuses on the Lianshan Bridge debris flow gully; the disaster characteristics and cause of the debris flow were analyzed based on field investigations, remote sensing interpretation, and laboratory experiments. The particular dynamic parameters of the debris flow were calculated and analyzed including density, velocity, discharge, total volume and impact force. Also, the dynamic processes and changes that occurred in the debris flow were examined, and the block and burst characteristics of debris flow were studied based on statistical calculation and analysis dynamic characteristic parameters of debris flow. Finally, a program to prevent further debris flow was proposed according to the on-site investigation and based on the analysis of the features and dynamic processes of the debris flow.El terremoto de Wenchuan, el 12 de mayo de 2008, generó una gran cantidad de material sólido suelto que puede producir flujos de detritos devastadores. En los años posteriores al terremoto han ocurrido deslizamientos a gran escala individuales y simultáneos que han causado daño a los habitantes reubicados y a los esfuerzos de reconstrucción. Las ciudades reconstruidas de Yingxiu, Yinxing y Miansi han sufrido flujos de detritos y otros desastres secundarios desde el terremoto, y no están exentas de eventos futuros. Un evento simultáneo de flujo de detritos afectó a cuatro localidades del condado de Wenchuan, a lo largo de la autopista de Duwen, parte de la carretera nacional 213, en la medianoche del 10 de julio de 2013, después de una lluvia extrema de 176,2 mm 24h-1. Los movimientos de detritos ocurrieron en siete pendientes. Un total de 1500 personas resultaron afectadas debido a la destrucción en áreas de reasentamiento, fábricas, estaciones eléctricas y viviendas. Debido a este devastador hecho, el tráfico de la autopista Duwen estuvo interrumpido durante el período del desastre y mientras se recuperaba la zona. Este estudio se enfoca en el deslizamiento del Pu...

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Preliminary study of the effect of earthquakes on the rainfall threshold of debris flows

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Internal Erosion Controls Failure and Runout of Loose Granular Deposits: Evidence From Flume Tests and Implications for Postseismic Slope Healing

Internal Erosion Controls Failure and Runout of Loose Granular Deposits: Evidence From Flume Tests and Implications for Postseismic Slope Healing

Earthquake‐Induced Chains of Geologic Hazards: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Impacts

Case Study of the Characteristics and Dynamic Process of July 10, 2013, Catastrophic Debris Flows in Wenchuan County, China

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