Preliminary Study on Changes of Sleep EEG Power and Plasma Melatonin in Male Patients With Major Depressive Disorder After 8 Weeks Treatment

Abstract

Objective: To clarify the effects of escitalopram on sleep EEG power in patients with Major depressive disorder (MDD).Method: Polysomnography (PSG) was detected overnight, and blood samples were collected at 4 h intervals over 24 h from 13 male healthy controls and 13 male MDD patients before and after treatment with escitalopram for 8 weeks. The outcome measures included plasma melatonin levels, sleep architecture, and the sleep EEG power ratio.Results: Compared with healthy controls, MDD patients presented abnormalities in the diurnal rhythm of melatonin secretion, including peak phase delayed 3 h and a decrease in plasma melatonin levels at night and an increase at daytime, accompanied by sleep disturbances, a decrease in low-frequency bands and an increase in high-frequency bands, and the dominant right-side brain activity. Several of these abnormalities (abnormalities in the diurnal rhythm of melatonin secretion, partial sleep architecture parameters) persisted for at least the 8-week testing period.Conclusions: Eight weeks of treatment with escitalopram significantly improved subjective sleep perception and depressive symptoms of patients with MDD, and partially improved objective sleep parameters, while the improvement of circadian rhythm of melatonin was limited.

Sini powder with paroxetine ameliorates major depressive disorder by modulating circadian rhythm: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

“…Compared with healthy individuals, depressive patients showed abnormalities of sleep structures, manifested as prolonged sleep latency and decreased sleep efficiency 35 . More importantly, our REM, NREM, SE, and TST results were consistent with previous investigations that undertook 8 weeks of escitalopram treatment in depression subjects 36 . The improvement of sleep quality, including TST, SE, and REM, was also observed in the melatonin receptor agonist and serotonergic receptor antagonist, agomelatine 37,38 …”

“…35 More importantly, our REM, NREM, SE, and TST results were consistent with previous investigations that undertook 8 weeks of escitalopram treatment in depression subjects. 36 The improvement of sleep quality, including TST, SE, and REM, was also observed in the melatonin receptor agonist and serotonergic receptor antagonist, agomelatine. 37,38 Third, we confirmed an association between DLMO and HAMD-24 and further suggested that the antidepressant effects of SNP may link to DLMO phase advance.…”

Melatonin Treatment of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorder in Obese Children Affects the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level

“…(3) Melatonin and BDNF levels: venous blood samples were collected 24 hours before and after melatonin treatment (08:00, 12:00, 16:00, 20:00, 24:00, and 04:00). 23 The blood samples were divided. The serum was separated from the blood in sterile vacuum nonanticoagulated tubes, and the plasma was separated from the blood in sterile vacuum anticoagulated tubes by centrifugation at 3,000 r/min for 10 minutes.…”

The trilateral interactions between mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, the circadian clock, and psychiatric disorders: an emerging model

“…As the endogenous circadian system controls the daily physiological rhythms, this chronometry programming is often compromised in depressed people. In addition, the depressed patients often present abnormal levels and patterns of melatonin secretion, which in turn has an impact on the circadian controls [ 176 , 177 ]. Also, agomelatine, a melatonergic agonist, was found to have therapeutic benefits in the patients with mood disorders [ 178 , 179 ].…”