Preliminary study on fire protection of window glass by water mist curtain

Wang, Xishi; Tan, Qiong; Wang, Zhigang; Kong, Xiangxiao; Cong, Haiyong

doi:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2017.11.013

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Water is used to extinguish flames. Especially water film and water curtain are used on glass panes to prevent breakage [106][107][108][109] since glass breakage influences the fire spreading, as explained previously. However, glass cracking typically happens in the rapid cooling phase rather than the rapid heating process, owing to the thermal shock induced by sudden cooling, which is a problem associated with water films and water curtains [110].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Energy and Fire Performance of Water Wall Systems as a Green Building Façade

2020

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Glass façades are widely utilized in green buildings. Ensuring fire safety while reducing the energy need without compromising occupants’ comfort is a challenge in the modern-day green buildings with glass façades. One way of achieving both aspects is to construct a water wall system as a building façade. A water wall system has a water layer between two glass panes and can be considered as a glass façade system. The focus of this review, which builds on the published studies, is how water wall systems can help ensure fire safety and reduce energy demand in green buildings. The water layer within two glass panes of the water wall system store the solar radiation heat throughout the daytime, reducing the amount of heat transferred through the building facade. The reduced heat transfer effects lessen the need for air conditioning to sustain the thermal comfort of the building occupants. The stored energy is released during the nighttime. The transparency of the water wall system also allows daylight to enter the building, thus reducing artificial lighting needs. Furthermore, the water layer acts as a fire safety mechanism in case of a fire. However, the water wall systems are not much utilized in the modern-day green buildings due to their unpopularity and the unavailability of design guidelines. On the basis of the findings of the literature review, stakeholders and the public are encouraged to adopt water wall systems in green building projects as an energy-efficient strategy and a fire safety mechanism.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Energy and Fire Performance of Water Wall Systems as a Green Building Façade

2020

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“…Sprayed water is a universal tool for localizing and eliminating fires of various types. It can be used to create water curtains [1] when protecting objects from the thermal effects of fire. Sprayed water is a very effective extinguishing agent, in particular, when extinguishing class B fires [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the dynamic characteristics of a class B fire in the case of extinguishing by water spray

Kolomiiets,

Abramov,

Basmanov

et al. 2023

EEJET

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The object of this study is a class B fire, which is extinguished with sprayed water. The subject of the study is the characteristics of class B fires when they are extinguished with sprayed water. Diffusion burning of a flammable liquid is considered as such a fire, and its extinguishing is carried out by cooling the flame. Heat and oxygen balance equations are used to build a mathematical model describing the fire extinguishing process. The components of the heat balance equation are the power of heat during heat release due to the chemical reaction of liquid combustion and the power of heat dissipated to the environment. The second component takes into account heat removal due to radiation, convection, and evaporation. The component of removed heat due to evaporation takes into account the Sreznevsky constant. The mathematical model that describes the process of extinguishing a class B fire is built in the class of models belonging to differential equations with constant coefficients. Analytical expressions were obtained for these static and dynamic coefficients, which include thermophysical, kinematic, and geometric parameters of the flame and fire extinguishing agent. To determine these characteristics, the constructed mathematical fire model was transformed using the integral Laplace transform. The dynamic characteristics of the fire were obtained in the time domain – the transient function of the fire, and in the frequency domain – the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of the fire. It is shown that the parameters of these dynamic characteristics should be determined experimentally. Experimental methods for determining parameters of dynamic fire characteristics have been devised. The presence of dynamic characteristics of class B fire makes it possible to spread the proven methods of the theory of control systems to design effective fire extinguishing systems

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“…Sprinkler systems are an integral part of many fire safety strategies [8,9]. In order to work, sprinklers must activate early enough so that the size of the fire has not exceeded a certain design value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Reliability of Modeling of Thermocouple Response and Sprinkler Activation during Compartment Fires

et al. 2022

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Real and numerical fire experiments involve temperature measurements with thermocouples, and thus some considerations on numerical modeling of this process are presented and a new approach to thermocouple modeling is introduced. Using ANSYS Fluent software a well-recognized analytical thermocouple model was implemented in each cell of the computational domain, which allows for determination of thermocouple responses as a continuous field. Similarly, sprinklers are key elements of fire-protection systems. Sprinklers activation is one of the breakthrough moments during the course of a compartment fire. Therefore, assumptions on sprinkler activation time are of crucial importance when designing a fire safety system. Just as for thermocouple modeling, virtual sprinklers based on a commonly admitted response time index (RTI) model were placed in all cells. The proposed approach provides data on sprinklers activation or thermocouple response for the whole domain instead of retrieving data point by point only for predefined locations. In this study, experimental data available in the literature were used for the validation of the proposed approach. In addition, the results were compared with those obtained with the commonly used Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) software. The outcomes might be of a significant importance for practitioners, who deal with fire experiments and fire protection. Furthermore, some issues on accurate modeling of fire gases flow are discussed extensively. It was found that commonly applied k-ε and k-ω turbulence models might fail in the case of modeling of fire plumes in confined spaces.

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Preliminary study on fire protection of window glass by water mist curtain

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Review on Energy and Fire Performance of Water Wall Systems as a Green Building Façade

Review on Energy and Fire Performance of Water Wall Systems as a Green Building Façade

Determining the dynamic characteristics of a class B fire in the case of extinguishing by water spray

A Study on the Reliability of Modeling of Thermocouple Response and Sprinkler Activation during Compartment Fires

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