Preliminary survey of pests and diseases of eucheumatoid seaweed farms in the Philippines

Faisan, Joseph P.; Luhan, Ma. R. J.; Sibonga, Rema C.; Mateo, Jonalyn P.; Ferriols, Victor Marco Emmanuel N.; Brakel, Janina; Ward, Georgia M.; Ross, Stuart; Bass, David; Stentiford, Grant D.; Brodie, Juliet; Hurtado, Anicia Q.

doi:10.1007/s10811-021-02481-5

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…62,63 Signs of IID frequently co-occur with epiphyte infestation, 38,64,65 and 'unfavourable' fluctuations in environmental conditions are considered predisposing factors to both conditions. 66,67 Epiphytic filamentous algae, particularly Melanothamnus spp., penetrate the cortical layer of eucheumatoid hosts, resulting in tissue damage and bacterial infection. 29,68 Mtolera et al 69,70 found that production of hydrogen peroxide and volatile hydrocarbons (VHCs) was higher in Eucheuma denticulatum subjected to environmental and mechanical stressors and was linked to both IID depigmentation and epiphyte infestation.…”

Section: Iidandenvironmental S Tre Ssor Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…83 A recent survey of disease incidence in eucheumatoid farms employing a range of cultivation techniques across the Philippines found no evidence of a link between farming technique or water depth and the observation of IID signs, suggesting mitigation of IID incidence by manipulation of cultivation conditions is not straightforward. 66 Farmers regularly monitor their crops for biofoulers, usually loosely attached algae on the thalli and cultivation ropes, 84 or fouling biofilms, and remove these in order to reduce their negative effects.…”

Section: Currentmanag Ementpr Ac Ti Ce Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IID is often stated to be the result of complex interactions between abiotic stress induced by 'unfavourable' environmental conditions and opportunistic colonization by 'pathogenic' bacteria. 66,67 As such, IID fulfils the criteria for definition as a syndrome (e.g. a recognizable complex of signs and other physical findings which indicate a specific condition for which a direct cause is not necessarily understood 90 ).…”

Section: Iida Sasyndromi CD Is E a S Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Ice‐Ice disease: An environmentally and microbiologically driven syndrome in tropical seaweed aquaculture

Ward

Kambey

Faisan

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Diseases and pests are major limiting factors to aquaculture production, 1 including seaweeds, 2 prompting global action to improve biosecurity and knowledge of important yield-limiting pathogens affecting sustainable production, both now and in the future. 3,4 Seaweeds comprise almost 30% of global aquaculture production by volume. 5 Production of the carrageenophyte red algal genera Kappaphycus and Eucheuma (collectively known as eucheumatoids) has increased rapidly in the past decade, accounting for 33.99% of global aquatic plant cultivation in 2018. 5 Eucheumatoids are commercially cultivated for production of carrageenans, polysaccharides widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries.Much of this cultivation occurs in South-East Asia, particularly

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Section: Iidandenvironmental S Tre Ssor Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Currentmanag Ementpr Ac Ti Ce Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iida Sasyndromi CD Is E a S Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Ice‐Ice disease: An environmentally and microbiologically driven syndrome in tropical seaweed aquaculture

Ward

Kambey

Faisan

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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“…This disease is brought about by fluctuations of environmental parameters like light intensity, salinity, and temperature resulting in stress on the seaweeds, thus weakening its immune defense system against harmful bacteria Cytophaga-Flavobacterium and Vibrio-Aeromonas (Largo et al 1995a and1995b;Tahiluddin and Terzi, 2021a). In the Philippines, the occurrence of the ice-ice disease is widespread and caused a severe decline in the production of Kappaphycus species (Mendoza et al, 2002;Faisan et al, 2021); thus, it is considered a significant threat to the seaweed industry (Tahiluddin et al, 2021c). Nutrient deficiency has been suspected as another factor that may trigger ice-ice disease in the farm (Maryunus, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Brown Seaweed Extracts as Bio-fertilizers and their Effects on the Carrageenan Yield, Ice-ice Disease Occurrence, and Growth Rate of the Red Seaweed Kappaphycus striatus

Tahiluddin

IRIN

JUMADIL

et al. 2022

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi

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Kappaphycus striatus is one of the most important eucheumatoid species that is widely farmed worldwide. In the southern Philippines, where the initial farm was established, sluggish growth of farmed Kappaphycus species brought about by the poor quality of planting materials and extensive farming resulting in unproductive farms and frequent ice-ice outbreaks have been a hindrance in increasing the seaweed production. As a result, farmers have led to the application of inorganic fertilizers as nutrient enrichment for Kappaphycus. However, inorganic or chemical fertilizers always pose negative impacts on the environment. Hence, in this study, a preliminary investigation on the potential use of extracts of brown seaweeds Sargassum cristaefolium and Turbinaria conoides as bio-fertilizers was tested on K. striatus for their growth rate, carrageenan yield, and ice-ice disease occurrence. Seaweed liquid extracts (SLE): S. cristaefolium (SC), T. conoides (TC), combination of SC and TC (MX), and control (C) were utilized as bio-fertilizers for K. striatus. SLE-enriched K. striatus seedlings were cultivated in a seaweed farm using the fixed-off bottom method for 45 days. Results revealed that the specific growth rates of all SLE treatments were significantly higher than no SLE treatment at day 45. The percentage of ice-ice disease and the yield of carrageenan did not differ among treatments. Enrichment of K. striatus using SLE of two selected brown seaweeds before out-planting could improve growth rates while not affecting the ice-ice disease occurrence and carrageenan yield. Hence, formulated SLE from brown seaweeds S. cristaefolium and T. conoides can be used as potential bio-fertilizers for Kappaphycus cultivation.

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“…Infectious diseases have been reported as one of the main factors threatening marine macroalgae (seaweeds) in wild populations [1][2][3] and farmed species [4,5]. However, current disease management strategies, involving specific cultivation practices or chemical treatments [6,7], are often highly labor-intensive and impractical for the application to wild seaweed populations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Host Protection of Marine Bacteria Against Macroalgal Disease

Weinberger

Saha

et al. 2021

Microb Ecol

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Despite an increasing awareness of disease impacts on both cultivated and native seaweed populations, the development of marine probiotics has been limited and predominately focused on farmed animals. Bleaching (loss of thallus pigmentation) is one of the most prevalent diseases observed in marine macroalgae. Endemic probiotic bacteria have been characterized to prevent bleaching disease in red macroalgae Agarophyton vermiculophyllum and Delisea pulchra; however, the extent to which probiotic strains provide cross-protection to non-endemic hosts and the influence of native microbiota remain unknown. Using A. vermiculophyllum as a model, we demonstrate that co-inoculation with the pathogen Pseudoalteromonas arctica G-MAN6 and D. pulchra probiotic strain Phaeobacter sp. BS52 or Pseudoalteromonas sp. PB2-1 reduced the disease risks compared to the pathogen only treatment. Moreover, non-endemic probiotics outperformed the endemic probiotic strain Ralstonia sp. G-NY6 in the presence of the host natural microbiota. This study highlights how the native microbiota can impact the effectiveness of marine probiotics and illustrates the potential of harnessing probiotics that can function across different hosts to mitigate the impact of emerging marine diseases.

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Preliminary survey of pests and diseases of eucheumatoid seaweed farms in the Philippines

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Ice‐Ice disease: An environmentally and microbiologically driven syndrome in tropical seaweed aquaculture

Ice‐Ice disease: An environmentally and microbiologically driven syndrome in tropical seaweed aquaculture

Use of Brown Seaweed Extracts as Bio-fertilizers and their Effects on the Carrageenan Yield, Ice-ice Disease Occurrence, and Growth Rate of the Red Seaweed Kappaphycus striatus

Cross-Host Protection of Marine Bacteria Against Macroalgal Disease

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