“…The use of bentazone for selective weed control in pastures has received relatively little attention. Some 10 years ago, Thompson & Mitchel (1973);Fellowes (1973) and Aamisepp (1973) independently reported good control of broad-leaved weeds in pastures or undersown cereals without adverse effects on white clover. Kapusta (1972) used bentazone (0-5-2 kg ai ha~') to control S. media at the bud stage in established lucerne.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bentazone has potential for controlling S. media selectively in newly seeded pastures which contain white elover (Fellowes, 1973;Thompson & Mitchel, 1973), but is not much used in this situation in Britain. This is probably because of its cost.…”
Summary
In pot experiments, mixtures of ammonium sulphate with surfactants or oil additives increased the phytotoxicity of commercially formulated bentazone (‘Basagran’) to Stellaria media (chickweed). Ammonium sulphate with a proprietary oil adjuvant Actipron had similar effects with benazolin potassium salt, but not with an ethyl ester formulation of benazolin. The phytotoxicity of bentazone and benazolin salts to Trifolium repens (white clover) and Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) was almost unaffected by these additives. In a field experiment, a mixture of ammonium sulphate with Actipron improved the control of S. media by bentazone and benazolin salts.
Oils and surfactants markedly increased rates of entry of 14C bentazone into leaves of S. media, white clover and Chrysanthemum segetum. Ammonium sulphate sometimes had similar effects but on other occasions reduced uptake. In some circumstances the additives apparently interacted synergistically, to increase uptake of labelled herbicide into the leaf or to enhance its transport within the plant. In these test species, differential absorption of bentazone could not explain differences in species susceptibility, suggesting that the main cause of resistance was the ability of plants to degrade the herbicide.
“…The use of bentazone for selective weed control in pastures has received relatively little attention. Some 10 years ago, Thompson & Mitchel (1973);Fellowes (1973) and Aamisepp (1973) independently reported good control of broad-leaved weeds in pastures or undersown cereals without adverse effects on white clover. Kapusta (1972) used bentazone (0-5-2 kg ai ha~') to control S. media at the bud stage in established lucerne.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bentazone has potential for controlling S. media selectively in newly seeded pastures which contain white elover (Fellowes, 1973;Thompson & Mitchel, 1973), but is not much used in this situation in Britain. This is probably because of its cost.…”
Summary
In pot experiments, mixtures of ammonium sulphate with surfactants or oil additives increased the phytotoxicity of commercially formulated bentazone (‘Basagran’) to Stellaria media (chickweed). Ammonium sulphate with a proprietary oil adjuvant Actipron had similar effects with benazolin potassium salt, but not with an ethyl ester formulation of benazolin. The phytotoxicity of bentazone and benazolin salts to Trifolium repens (white clover) and Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) was almost unaffected by these additives. In a field experiment, a mixture of ammonium sulphate with Actipron improved the control of S. media by bentazone and benazolin salts.
Oils and surfactants markedly increased rates of entry of 14C bentazone into leaves of S. media, white clover and Chrysanthemum segetum. Ammonium sulphate sometimes had similar effects but on other occasions reduced uptake. In some circumstances the additives apparently interacted synergistically, to increase uptake of labelled herbicide into the leaf or to enhance its transport within the plant. In these test species, differential absorption of bentazone could not explain differences in species susceptibility, suggesting that the main cause of resistance was the ability of plants to degrade the herbicide.
Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. (Asteraceae), known as ox-eye daisy, is a familiar perennial herb with white ray florets and yellow disc florets. It commonly inhabits roadside ver ges, pastures and old fields from Newfoundland to British Columbia, and also as far north as the Yukon Territory. Introduced from Europe, L. vulgare was well established in North America by 1800. The Canadian distribution of L. vulgare has expanded in many areas recently, particularly in western Canada. It can form dense populations that may reduce diversity of natural vegetation or pasture quality, and also serves as a host and reservoir for several species of polyphagous gall-forming Meloidogyne nematodes that feed on crops. It is considered a noxious weed under provincial legislation in Quebec, Manitoba, Alberta and British Columbia, as well as under the Canada Seeds Act. Control efforts are sometimes complicated by difficulties in distinguishing ox-eye daisy from some forms of the commercially available Shasta daisy ( L. × superbum).
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