Premature birth impacts bolus size and shape through nursing in infant pigs

Mayerl, Christopher J.; Myrla, Alexis M; Bond, Laura E.; Stricklen, Bethany M.; German, Rebecca Z.; Gould, François D. H.

doi:10.1038/s41390-019-0624-0

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…2020b ). Insufficient elevation and depression of the soft palate will also interfere with the generation of positive pressure that propels the bolus into the pharynx, which could explain the formation of smaller boluses in preterm infant pigs ( McConnel 1988 ; Mayerl et al. 2020c ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Preterm Birth Impacts the Timing and Excursion of Oropharyngeal Structures during Infant Feeding

Edmonds

Catchpole

Gould

et al. 2020

Integrative Organismal Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Swallowing in mammals requires the precise coordination of multiple oropharyngeal structures, including the palatopharyngeal arch. During a typical swallow, the activity of the palatopharyngeus muscle produces pharyngeal shortening to assist in producing pressure required to swallow and may initiate epiglottal flipping to protect the airway. Most research on the role of the palatopharyngeal arch in swallowing has used pharyngeal manometry, which measures the relative pressures in the oropharynx, but does not quantify the movements of the structures involved in swallowing. In this study, we assessed palatopharyngeal arch and soft palate function by comparing their movements in a healthy population to a pathophysiological population longitudinally through infancy (term versus preterm pigs). In doing so, we test the impact of birth status, postnatal maturation and their interaction on swallowing. We tracked the three-dimensional movements of radiopaque beads implanted into relevant anatomical structures and recorded feeding via biplanar high-speed videofluoroscopy. We then calculated the total three-dimensional excursion of the arch and soft palate, the orientation of arch movement, and the timing of maximal arch constriction during each swallow. Soft palate excursion was greater in term infants at both seven and 17 days postnatal, whereas arch excursion was largely unaffected by birth status. Maximal arch constriction occurred much earlier in preterm pigs relative to term pigs, a result that was consistent across age. There was no effect of postnatal age on arch or soft palate excursion. Preterm and term infants differed in their orientation of arch movement, which most likely reflects both differences in anatomy and differences in feeding posture. Our results suggest that the timing and coordination of oropharyngeal movements may be more important to feeding performance than the movements of isolated structures, and that differences in the neural control of swallowing and its maturation in preterm and term infants may explain preterm swallowing deficits.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, increased delays in maximal constriction of the palatopharyngeal arch may play a role in maintaining airway protection during swallowing by maintaining a retracted epiglottis for the duration of the swallow ( Crompton et al. 2008 ; Mayerl et al. 2020c ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preterm Birth Impacts the Timing and Excursion of Oropharyngeal Structures during Infant Feeding

Edmonds

Catchpole

Gould

et al. 2020

Integrative Organismal Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All animal experiments described in this manuscript were approved by the Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED) Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee protocol #17-04-071. The data were collected between 2017–2019, and used for several published studies [ 6 , 28 – 30 ]. While birth weight was collected for all individuals, none of the previous studies included an in-depth analysis of birth weight exclusively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behavioral and physiologic parameters extracted from these data included duration of swallows, suck-swallow delay, and sucks per swallow. Swallows durations was defined as beginning when a milk bolus aggregated in the supraglottic space prior to passing beyond the epiglottis and ending when epiglottis returns to its original position and the milk has cleared the supraglottic space [ 28 ]. Suck-swallow delay was identified as the percentage of the suck cycle in which the swallow occurred.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does birth weight affect neonatal body weight, growth, and physiology in an animal model?

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infant birth weight affects neuromotor and biomechanical swallowing performance in infant pig models. Preterm infants are generally born low birth weight and suffer from delayed development and neuromotor deficits. These deficits include critical life skills such as swallowing and breathing. It is unclear whether these neuromotor and biomechanical deficits are a result of low birth weight or preterm birth. In this study we ask: are preterm infants simply low birth weight infants or do preterm infants differ from term infants in weight gain and swallowing behaviors independent of birth weight? We use a validated infant pig model to show that preterm and term infants gain weight differently and that birth weight is not a strong predictor of functional deficits in preterm infant swallowing. We found that preterm infants gained weight at a faster rate than term infants and with nearly three times the variation. Additionally, we found that the number of sucks per swallow, swallow duration, and the delay of the swallows relative to the suck cycles were not impacted by birth weight. These results suggest that any correlation of developmental or swallowing deficits with reduced birth weight are likely linked to underlying physiological immaturity of the preterm infant.

show abstract

“…Weaning changes aerodigestive function. However, the improved efficiency in drinking developed over infancy [23] is retained through weaning. In many mammalian species, including pigs and humans, a period of overlap exists between the onset of solid food intake and the cessation of maternal milk consumption [24][25][26].…”

Section: (A) Implications For Maturation and Response To Behavioural mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the coordination between respiration and swallowing from suckling through weaning

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

All mammals undergo weaning from milk to solid food. This process requires substantial changes to mammalian oropharyngeal function. The coordination of swallowing and respiration is a crucial component of maintaining airway function throughout feeding and matures over infant development. However, how this coordination is affected by weaning is unknown. In this study, we ask how changes in posture, neural maturation and food properties associated with the weaning affect coordination of respiration and swallowing in a validated infant pig model. We recorded seven piglets feeding before and during the weaning age with liquid milk in a bottle and in a bowl, and solid feed in a bowl. Using videofluoroscopy synchronized with respiration, we found (i) the delay in the onset of inspiration after swallowing does not change with head position, (ii) the delay is different between solid food and bowl drinking at the same age and (iii) the delay increases over time when bottle feeding, suggesting a maturational effect. Significant changes in aerodigestive coordination occur prior to and post-weaning, resulting in distinctive patterns for liquid and solid food. The interplay of maturational timelines of oropharyngeal function at weaning may serve as a locus for behavioural and life-history plasticity.

show abstract

Premature birth impacts bolus size and shape through nursing in infant pigs

Cited by 24 publications

References 36 publications

Preterm Birth Impacts the Timing and Excursion of Oropharyngeal Structures during Infant Feeding

Preterm Birth Impacts the Timing and Excursion of Oropharyngeal Structures during Infant Feeding

Does birth weight affect neonatal body weight, growth, and physiology in an animal model?

Changes in the coordination between respiration and swallowing from suckling through weaning

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About