Premenopausal plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, mammographic density, and risk of breast cancer

Bertrand, Kimberly A.; Rosner, Bernard; Eliassen, A. Heather; Hankinson, Susan E.; Rexrode, Kathryn M.; Willett, Walter C.; Tamimi, Rulla M.

doi:10.1007/s10549-014-3247-5

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…With regard to the correlation between 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and/or serum calcium level and PMD, most previous studies have only taken into account the 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level, without the serum calcium level. The 25(OH)D level has been associated with breast cancer risk , but data for PMD and 25(OH)D have shown mostly negative results . Only one small study including 238 postmenopausal healthy women has examined the influence of 25(OH)D and the calcium level on PMD , and it did not find a significant association .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of mammographic density and serum calcium levels in patients with primary breast cancer

et al. 2017

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Percentage mammographic breast density (PMD) is one of the most important risk factors for breast cancer (BC). Calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonates, and denosumab have been considered and partly confirmed as factors potentially influencing the risk of BC. This retrospective observational study investigated the association between serum calcium level and PMD. A total of 982 BC patients identified in the research database at the University Breast Center for Franconia with unilateral BC, calcium and albumin values, and mammogram at the time of first diagnosis were included. PMD was assessed, using a semiautomated method by two readers. Linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the impact on PMD of the parameters of serum calcium level adjusted for albumin level, and well‐known clinical predictors such as age, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status and confounder for serum calcium like season in which the BC was diagnosed. Increased calcium levels were associated with reduced PMD (P = 0.024). Furthermore, PMD was inversely associated with BMI (P < 0.001) and age (P < 0.001). There was also an association between PMD and menopausal status (P < 0.001). The goodness‐of‐fit of the regression model was moderate. This is the first study assessing the association between serum calcium level and PMD. An inverse association with adjusted serum calcium levels was observed. These findings add to previously published data relating to vitamin D, bisphosphonates, denosumab, and the RANK/RANKL signaling pathway in breast cancer risk and prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of mammographic density and serum calcium levels in patients with primary breast cancer

et al. 2017

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“…A nested case-control study within these cohorts was previously established to examine associations of various circulating biomarkers with breast cancer risk [17]. Women without cancer history (other than non-melanoma skin cancer) were matched 1:1 or 1:2 with breast cancer cases on age at the time of blood collection, menopausal status, and postmenopausal hormone use (current vs. not current) at blood draw, and day/time of blood draw; for NHS II, additional matching included race/ethnicity and day in the luteal phase [35]. This study contributed 912 cases and 1109 controls to the current analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of mammographic breast density with menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use in relation to the risk of aggressive breast cancer subtypes

Yaghjyan

Tamimi

Bertrand

et al. 2017

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Purpose We examined the associations of mammographic breast density with breast cancer risk by tumor aggressiveness and by menopausal status and current postmenopausal hormone therapy. Methods This study included 2596 invasive breast cancer cases and 4059 controls selected from participants of four nested case—control studies within four established cohorts: the Mayo Mammography Health Study, the Nurses’ Health Study, Nurses’ Health Study II, and San Francisco Mammography Registry. Percent breast density (PD), absolute dense (DA), and non-dense areas (NDA) were assessed from digitized film-screen mammograms using a computer-assisted threshold technique and standardized across studies. We used polytomous logistic regression to quantify the associations of breast density with breast cancer risk by tumor aggressiveness (defined as presence of at least two of the following tumor characteristics: size ≥2 cm, grade 2/3, ER-negative status, or positive nodes), stratified by menopausal status and current hormone therapy. Results Overall, the positive association of PD and borderline inverse association of NDA with breast cancer risk was stronger in aggressive vs. non-aggressive tumors (≥51 vs. 11–25% OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.94–3.22 vs. OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.70–2.43, p-heterogeneity = 0.03; NDA 4th vs. 2nd quartile OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.41–0.70 vs. OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.59–0.85, p-heterogeneity = 0.07). However, there were no differences in the association of DA with breast cancer by aggressive status. In the stratified analysis, there was also evidence of a stronger association of PD and NDA with aggressive tumors among postmenopausal women and, in particular, current estrogen+progesterone users (≥51 vs. 11–25% OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.75–6.00 vs. OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.25–2.98, p-heterogeneity = 0.01; NDA 4th vs. 2nd quartile OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21–0.85 vs. OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.35–0.89, p-heterogeneity = 0.01), even though the interaction was not significant. Conclusion Our findings suggest that associations of mammographic density with breast cancer risk differ by tumor aggressiveness. While there was no strong evidence that these associations differed by menopausal status or hormone therapy, they did appear more prominent among current estrogen+progesterone users.

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“…Using incidence density sampling, women without cancer history (other than non-melanoma skin cancer) at the time of the case’s cancer diagnosis (controls) were matched 1:1 or 1:2 with women diagnosed with in situ or invasive breast cancer (cases) on age at the time of blood collection, menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use (current vs. not current) at blood draw, and day/time of blood draw; for NHS II, additional matching included race/ethnicity and day in the luteal phase [33]. Our analysis was restricted to controls from this nested case-control study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive factors related to childbearing and mammographic breast density

Yaghjyan

Colditz

Rosner

et al. 2016

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Purpose We investigated the associations of reproductive factors related to childbearing with percent breast density, absolute dense and non-dense areas, by menopausal status. Methods This study included 4,110 cancer-free women within the Nurses’ Health Study and Nurses’ Health Study II cohorts. Percent breast density, absolute dense and non-dense areas were measured from digitized mammography film images with computerized techniques. All density measures were square root-transformed in all the analyses to improve normality. The data on reproductive variables and other breast cancer risk factors were obtained from biennial questionnaires, at the time of the mammogram date. Results As compared to nulliparous women, parous postmenopausal women had lower percent density (β= −0.60, 95% CI −0.84; −0.37), smaller absolute dense area (β= −0.66, 95% CI −1.03; −0.29), and greater non-dense area (β=0.72, 95% CI 0.27; 1.16). Among parous women, number of children was inversely associated with percent density in pre- (β per one child=−0.12, 95% CI −0.20; −0.05) and postmenopausal women (β per one child=−0.07, 95% CI −0.12; −0.02). The positive associations of breastfeeding with absolute dense and non-dense areas were limited to premenopausal women, while the positive association of the age at first child’s birth with percent density and the inverse association with non-dense area were limited to postmenopausal women. Conclusions Women with greater number of children and younger age at first child’s birth have more favorable breast density patterns that could explain subsequent breast cancer risk reduction.

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Premenopausal plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, mammographic density, and risk of breast cancer

Cited by 34 publications

References 49 publications

Correlation of mammographic density and serum calcium levels in patients with primary breast cancer

Correlation of mammographic density and serum calcium levels in patients with primary breast cancer

Interaction of mammographic breast density with menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use in relation to the risk of aggressive breast cancer subtypes

Reproductive factors related to childbearing and mammographic breast density

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