Premixed Combustion of Kapok (ceiba pentandra) seed oil on Perforated Burner

Abstract

Availability of fossil fuels in the world decrease gradually due to excessive fuel exploitation. This situations push researcher to look for alternative fuels as a source of renewable energy, one of them is kapok (ceiba pentandra) seed oil. The aim this study was to know the behavior of laminar burning velocity, secondary Bunsen flame with open tip, cellular and triple flame. Premixed combustion of kapok seed oil was studied experimentally on perforated burner with equivalence ratio (φ) varied from 0.30 until 1.07. The results showed that combustion of glycerol requires a large amount of air so that laminar burning velocity (SL) is the highest at very lean mixture (φ =0.36) in the form of individual Bunsen flame on each of the perforated plate hole. Perforated and secondary Bunsen flame both reached maximum SL similar with that of ethanol and higher than that of hexadecane. Slight increase of φ decreases drastically SL of perforated and secondary Bunsen flame. When the mixture was enriched, secondary Bunsen and perforated flame disappears, and then the flame becomes Bunsen flame with open tip and triple flame (φ = 0.62 to 1.07). Flame was getting stable until the mixture above the stoichiometry. Being isolated from ambient air, the SL of perforated flame, as well as secondary Bunsen flame, becomes equal with non-isolated flame. This shows the decreasing trend of laminar burning velocity while φ is increasing. When the mixture was enriched island (φ = 0.44 to 0.48) and petal (φ = 0.53 to 0.62) cellular flame take place. Flame becomes more unstable when the mixture was changed toward stoichiometry.

The Flame Characteristics of Diesel Fuel Blend with Kepuh (Sterculia Foetida) Biodiesel

“…In addition, low glycerol is affected by air discharge. Increased airflow causes glycerol to react quickly [3]. We observe that the air discharge at B0 is higher compared to B10, B20 and B30 the comparison of air discharge shown in Table 1.…”

“…Copper has a better thermal conduction emissivity so that the heat of the bunsen burner copper is spread evenly and faster; the material also tends to store heat [15]. This causes the glycerol and fatty acids to break down easily [3]. The flame image at φ = 0.8 is shown in Figure 4.…”

“…Currently, the use of energy is more dominant in fossil energy, petroleum in particular [1]. Consumption of fossil fuel oil reduces petroleum reserves of available fossil fuels [2], [3]. Petroleum reserves are running low, and alternative energy sources that are renewable are being used, including biodiesel [4].…”

“…Premixed combustion research has been carried out with castor oil [1], kapok oil [3] and biogas [10,11]. Premixed combustion requires a stationary state because it affects the stability of the flame.…”

Burning Velocity Measurement of Biodiesel Fuel and Its Blends Using Particle Imaging Path Technique and Image Processing

“…Wirawar et al [7] measured the laminar burning velocity of bio-oil fuel (kapok seed oil) experimentally using Bunsen burner method with open tip, cellular and triple flame Fig.The range of premixed equivalence ratio of liquid fuel vapor and air varied from 0.3 to 1.07. The results showed, the combustion of (kapok seed oil) requires a big amount of air to complete the combustion process, therefore the maximum laminar burning velocity value at very lean mixture with equivalence ratio (φ) = 0.36.…”