Premorbid intelligence and educational level in bipolar and unipolar disorders: A Danish draft board study

Sørensen, Holger J.; Sæbye, Ditte; Urfer-Parnas, Annick; Mortensen, Erik Lykke; Parnas, Josef

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.12.007

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Another study in male inpatients suffering from either BD or unipolar depression showed that while patients with major depression exhibited a lower IQ -approximately 2-3 points below the mean IQ of HC – BD patients had an IQ comparable to HC. Notably, the depressed group had completed higher levels of education than the BD group [38]. These findings suggest that the neurocognitive development of BD patients may differ from that of depressed patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings suggest that the neurocognitive development of BD patients may differ from that of depressed patients. However, since we used the WRAT and the WASI to estimate premorbid IQ and previous studies used non-standardized tests of intellectual functioning such as the Børge Priens Prøve (BPP) [38] these results may not be directly comparable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of cognitive function in bipolar disorder using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A)

Bauer

Keefe

Sanches

et al. 2015

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Background Although cognitive impairment is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) there is no instrument of choice for the assessment of bipolar patients. The aim of this study is to assess cognitive performance using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A), a comprehensive test battery developed specifically for BD, and determine its suitability to estimate global functioning. Methods The BAC-A was administered to 93 BD patients (M±S. E: 35.18±1.39 years) and 56 healthy controls (HC - M±S.E.: 36.17±1.91 years). The scores of the BAC-A were combined in eight summary scores: visuomotor, immediate affective and non-affective memory, verbal fluency, delayed affective and non-affective memory, inhibition, and problem solving. Post hoc analyses were performed on subtests of the summary scores found to be significantly different between BD patients and HC. Correlational analyses explored the association between the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score and cognitive functioning. Results Compared to HC, BD patients showed a significant impairment in short-term non-affective memory and verbal fluency. Poorer performance in verbal memory and verbal fluency summary scores correlated positively with reduced GAF. Conclusions Our results are consistent with previous reports of verbal memory and verbal fluency impairment in BD. The deficits in short-term memory and semantic fluency may indicate inefficient learning strategies and/or difficulties in retrieving information. The BAC-A could be used to estimate global functioning in BD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of cognitive function in bipolar disorder using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A)

Bauer

Keefe

Sanches

et al. 2015

Journal of Psychiatric Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Likewise, longitudinal studies examining symptom progression amongst high-risk adolescents depict a progressive decline in various cognitive domains, including verbal and working memory (Lencz et al, 2006;Simon et al, 2007), attention (Wood et al, 2008) and executive functioning (Kim et al, 2011;Üç ok et al, 2013). Such progressive developmental or prodromal cognitive decline is not a feature of other psychiatric disorders such as bipolar (Lewandowski et al, 2011;Sørensen et al, 2012) and has been shown to precede the onset of psychosis by an average of nine years (Van Oel et al, 2002), causing some to argue that early cognitive decline is a hallmark feature of schizophrenia (see Kahn and Keefe, 2013). …”

Section: Schizophrenia: a Cognitive Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The muscarinic system, cognition and schizophrenia

Carruthers

Gurvich

Rossell

2015

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…Population based conscript studies have reported small but significant differences in overall premorbid cognitive performance in BP (Osler et al, 2007; Sorensen et al, 2012; Tiihonen et al, 2005; Urfer-Parnas et al, 2010), although some other studies have found better than average cognition (MacCabe et al, 2013). A review of longitudinal, family, and first episode neuropsychological studies found domain specific functions (executive and memory) are consistently impaired in those who later develop BP (Olvet et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Perinatal oxytocin increases the risk of offspring bipolar disorder and childhood cognitive impairment

Freedman¹,

Brown²,

Shen³

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background We tested the hypothesis that perinatal oxytocin, given to pregnant women to induce labor, is related to offspring bipolar disorder (BP) and worse childhood cognitive performance among offspring. We also tested the association between childhood cognition and later BP. Methods A population-based birth cohort derived from the Child Health and Development Study (CHDS) which included nearly all pregnant women receiving obstetric care from the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Plan, Northern California Region (KPNC) between1959–1966. Prospectively obtained medical and offspring cognitive performance were used. Potential cases with BP from the cohort were identified by database linkages. This protocol identified 94 cases who were matched 1:8 to controls. Results Perinatal oxytocin was associated with a 2.4 times increased odds of later BP. Oxytocin was also associated with decreased performance on the Raven Matrices, but not on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT). Childhood cognition was not associated with later BP. Limitations Loss to follow-up must be considered in all birth cohort studies. Additionally, the childhood cognitive battery did not include tests related to multiple domains of cognition which have been associated with later BP. A third limitation is the modest sample size of those exposed to oxytocin. Conclusions This study provides evidence for a potentially important perinatal risk factor for BP and cognitive impairment in childhood. While the association between perinatal oxytocin and offspring BP must be viewed cautiously until further studies can attempt to replicate the result, it lends support to the broader view that neurodevelopmental factors contribute to BP.

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Premorbid intelligence and educational level in bipolar and unipolar disorders: A Danish draft board study

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Evaluation of cognitive function in bipolar disorder using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A)

Evaluation of cognitive function in bipolar disorder using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A)

The muscarinic system, cognition and schizophrenia

Perinatal oxytocin increases the risk of offspring bipolar disorder and childhood cognitive impairment

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