Premotor, nonmotor and motor symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A new clinical state of the art

Silva, Ana Beatriz Ramalho Leite; Oliveira, Roger Wilson Gonçalves de; Diógenes, Guilherme Pinheiro; Aguiar, Marina Feitosa de Castro; Sallem, Camilla Costa; Lima, Micael Porto Portela; Filho, Luciano Barroso de Albuquerque; Medeiros, Sara Diógenes Peixoto de; Mendonça, Lucas Lopes Penido de; Filho, Paulo Cesar de Santiago; Nones, Diogo Pasquali; Cardoso, Pamella Mendes Martiniano da Silva; Ribas, Michelle Zonkowski; Galvão, Stéfani Lara; Gomes, Gabriel Felipe; Menezes, Amanda Rebouças Bezerra de; Santos, Nayla Lima dos; Mororó, Victor Monteiro; Duarte, Fairane Sousa; Santos, Júlio César Claudino dos

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101834

Cited by 60 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…While the total age-standardised DALY rates in China have remained relatively stable over the past 30 years, the age-standardised YLD rates have been increasing, reflecting a gradual increase in the burden of disability due to PD. Patients with PD typically present with motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, muscle stiffness, postural gait disturbance, and non-motor symptoms such as cognitive-emotional disturbance, sleep disturbance, pain, and fatigue, which may occur sequentially or simultaneously, 2 , 35 severely affecting the patient's working ability and quality of life. PD-related dysfunction and reduced quality of life become increasingly important health issues as patients' survival time increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 This neural degeneration manifests not only in typical motor symptoms like resting tremor, bradykinesia, muscle stiffness, and abnormalities in posture and gait, but also in diverse non-motor symptoms, encompassing issues such as constipation, olfactory impairments, sleep disturbances, autonomic nervous dysfunction, and cognitive and psychiatric disorders. 2 As the disease progresses, these symptoms worsen, greatly impacting patients' quality of daily life and functional activities. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 estimated that over 8.5 million people worldwide suffer from PD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disease burden of Parkinson's disease in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021

Xu,

Dong,

Liu

et al. 2024

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease burden of Parkinson's disease in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021

Xu,

Dong,

Liu

et al. 2024

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

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“…Motor symptoms comprise resting tremor, bradykinesia, gait disturbance, and myotonia. Non-motor symptoms encompass cognitive dysfunction, sensory abnormalities, depression, anxiety, and autonomic dysfunction [ 2 – 4 ]. These symptoms have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and result in substantial medical expenses [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial alternating current stimulation improves quality of life in Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial

Zhang,

Hou,

Jin

et al. 2024

Trials

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Background The neural cells in the brains of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PWP) display aberrant synchronized oscillatory activity within the beta frequency range. Additionally, enhanced gamma oscillations may serve as a compensatory mechanism for motor inhibition mediated by beta activity and also reinstate plasticity in the primary motor cortex affected by Parkinson’s disease. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can synchronize endogenous oscillations with exogenous rhythms, thereby modulating cortical activity. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the addition of tACS to multidisciplinary intensive rehabilitation treatment (MIRT) can improve symptoms of PWP so as to enhance the quality of life in individuals with Parkinson’s disease based on the central-peripheral-central theory. Methods The present study was a randomized, double-blind trial that enrolled 60 individuals with Parkinson’s disease aged between 45 and 70 years, who had Hoehn-Yahr scale scores ranging from 1 to 3. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the tACS + MIRT group or the sham-tACS + MIRT group. The trial consisted of a two-week double-blind treatment period followed by a 24-week follow-up period, resulting in a total duration of twenty-six weeks. The primary outcome measured the change in PDQ-39 scores from baseline (T0) to 4 weeks (T2), 12 weeks (T3), and 24 weeks (T4) after completion of the intervention. The secondary outcome assessed changes in MDS-UPDRS III scores at T0, the end of intervention (T1), T2, T3, and T4. Additional clinical assessments and mechanistic studies were conducted as tertiary outcomes. Discussion The objective of this study is to demonstrate that tACS can enhance overall functionality and improve quality of life in PWP, based on the framework of MIRT. Additionally, it seeks to establish a potential correlation between these therapeutic effects and neuroplasticity alterations in relevant brain regions. The efficacy of tACS will be assessed during the follow-up period in order to optimize neuroplasticity and enhance its potential impact on rehabilitation efficiency for PWP. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2300071969. Registered on 30 May 2023.

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“…With the booming population and prolonged life expectancy, it is estimated that there will be 42.5 million people with AD in China by 2050, and the number will be 152 million worldwide ( Nichols et al, 2022 ). The impairment of motor and cognitive function frustrates normal daily life and lowers the quality of life ( Tahami Monfared et al, 2022 ; Leite Silva et al, 2023 ). The societal expenditure on dementia has increased by 161% from 2010 to 2015 in the USA ( Dauphinot et al, 2022 ), and economic studies forecast 332 billion RMB costs of AD in 2050 in China ( Clay et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanistic effects of acupuncture in rodent neurodegenerative disease models: a literature review

Li,

Deng,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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Neurodegenerative diseases refer to a battery of medical conditions that affect the survival and function of neurons in the brain, which are mainly presented with progressive loss of cognitive and/or motor function. Acupuncture showed benign effects in improving neurological deficits, especially on movement and cognitive function impairment. Here, we reviewed the therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture at the neural circuit level in movement and cognition disorders, summarizing the influence of acupuncture in the dopaminergic system, glutamatergic system, γ-amino butyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) system, serotonergic system, cholinergic system, and glial cells at the circuit and synaptic levels. These findings can provide targets for clinical treatment and perspectives for further studies.

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Premotor, nonmotor and motor symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A new clinical state of the art

Cited by 60 publications

References 79 publications

Disease burden of Parkinson's disease in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021

Disease burden of Parkinson's disease in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021

Transcranial alternating current stimulation improves quality of life in Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial

The mechanistic effects of acupuncture in rodent neurodegenerative disease models: a literature review

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