Prenatal alcohol exposure in the Republic of the Congo: Prevalence and screening strategies

Williams, Andrew D.; Nkombo, Yannick; Nkodia, Gery; Leonardson, Gary R.; Burd, Larry

doi:10.1002/bdra.23127

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In all studies, alcohol consumption data were taken from the self-report of pregnant women, which means no data was collected using biomarkers or meconium tests. Lists of self-reporting questionnaires were: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) [22,40,55], Tolerance, Worried, Eye-opener, Amnesia and, K/Cut-down (TWEAK) [57], Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) [39,41], Cutting down, Annoyance, Guilt, and Eye-opener (CAGE) [21], Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Test (ASSIST) [44,50], Tolerance-Annoyed, Cut off, Eyeopening (T-ACE) [19], and 1-Question screen strategy [60]. Structured questionnaires were used in the rest of all studies (64%) to screen alcohol consumption during pregnancy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption and its associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis' as given in the submission system

Addila

Bisetegn

Gete

et al. 2020

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption and its associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis' as given in the submission system

Addila

Bisetegn

Gete

et al. 2020

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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“…The prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy among the general population in the 25 identified studies ranged from 2.5% (Nigeria) to 32.5% (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (Table ). Five studies reported the prevalence of binge drinking during pregnancy among the general population, which ranged from 3.8% (South Africa) to 25.4% (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Williams et al [55] Mean: 27.0 (SD = 5.55) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 121 (0.7%) n/a 4347 (28.4%) n/a Mean parity: 1.99 (SD = 1.84) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 88 ( n/a n/a n/a n/a Self-medication: 375 (72.4%) n/a Married: 653 (96.7%) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a All participants reported a stable relationship with their partners n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 6 (3.0%)…”

Section: Appendix 1 Actual and Predicted Prevalence Of Alcohol Consummentioning

confidence: 99%

Actual and predicted prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in the WHO African Region

Popova

Lange

Probst

et al. 2016

Tropical Med Int Health

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Abstractobjective To estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption and binge drinking during pregnancy among the general population in the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region, by country.methods First, a comprehensive systematic literature search was performed to identify all published and unpublished studies. Then, several meta-analyses, assuming a random-effects model, were conducted to estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption and binge drinking during pregnancy among the general population for countries in the WHO African Region with two or more studies available. Lastly, for countries with less than two studies or no known data predictions were obtained using regression modelling.results The estimated prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy among the general population ranged from 2.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6-2.8%; Equatorial Guinea) to 12.6% (95% CI: 9.9-15.4%; Cameroon) in Central Africa, 3.4% (95% CI: 2.6-4.3%; Seychelles) to 20.5% (95% CI: 16.4-24.7%; Uganda) in Eastern Africa, 5.7% (95% CI: 4.4-7.1%; Botswana) to 14.2% (95% CI: 11.1-17.3%; Namibia) in Southern Africa, 6.6% (95% CI: 5.0-8.3%; Mauritania) to 14.8% (95% CI: 11.6-17.9%; Sierra Leone) in Western Africa, and 4.3% (95% CI: 3.2-5.3%; Algeria) in Northern Africa.conclusions The high prevalence of alcohol consumption and binge drinking during pregnancy in some African countries calls for educational campaigns, screening and targeted interventions for women of childbearing age.

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“…This strategy should include ongoing study of strategies for prenatal alcohol detection that are deployed for routine use across prenatal care settings. 35,45 Where possible these tools should be brief and built into the electronic medical record. 5.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a worldwide problem especially in the developing world, with high rates in Africa. 35 Prenatal alcohol exposure, and its sequela of stillbirth, prematurity, infant mortality, and the lifelong neuropsychiatric impairments must not be overlooked in pregnancies complicated by other substance abuse. In these pregnancies, alcohol use is very likely present and may be the underlying teratogen accounting for a considerable proportion of the phenotype.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal alcohol exposure and development of the integument

Longhurst¹,

Ernst²,

Burd³

2016

RRN

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Background:The physiology of fetal alcohol exposure changes across gestation. Early in pregnancy placental, fetal, and amniotic fluid concentrations of alcohol exposure are equivalent. Beginning in mid-pregnancy, the maturing fetal epidermis adds keratins which decrease permeability resulting in development of a barrier between fetal circulation and the amniotic fluid. Barrier function development is essential for viability in late pregnancy and in the extra-uterine environment. In this paper we provide a selected review of the effects of barrier function on fetal alcohol exposure. Methods: We utilized a search of PubMed and Google for all years in all languages for MeSH on Demand terms: alcohol drinking, amnion, amniotic fluid, epidermis, ethanol, female, fetal development, fetus, humans, keratins, permeability, and pregnancy. We also reviewed the reference lists of relevant papers and hand-searched reference lists of textbooks for additional references. Results: By 30 gestational weeks, development of barrier function alters the pathophysiology of ethanol dispersion between the fetus and amniotic fluid. Firstly, increases in the effectiveness of barrier function decreases the rate of diffusion of alcohol from fetal circulation across fetal skin into the amniotic fluid. This reduces the volume of alcohol entering the amniotic fluid. Secondly, barrier function increases the duration of fetal exposure by decreasing the rate of alcohol diffusion from amniotic fluid back into fetal circulation. Ethanol is then transported into maternal circulation for metabolism or elimination. Conclusion: In late pregnancy, barrier function modifies alcohol diffusion rates across the epidermis back into fetal circulation. This increases the duration of exposure from each episode of drinking. This information may be useful for clinicians who care for women with alcohol use disorders during pregnancy, and may also be useful in explaining the rationale for avoiding alcohol use throughout pregnancy, including late pregnancy.

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Prenatal alcohol exposure in the Republic of the Congo: Prevalence and screening strategies

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Alcohol consumption and its associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis' as given in the submission system

Alcohol consumption and its associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis' as given in the submission system

Actual and predicted prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in the WHO African Region

Fetal alcohol exposure and development of the integument

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