Prenatal and adult exposures to smoking are associated with adverse effects on reproductive hormones, semen quality, final height and body mass index

Ravnborg, Trine L.; Jensen, Tina Kold; Andersson, Anna‐Maria; Toppari, J.; Skakkebæk, Niels E.; Jørgensen, Niels

doi:10.1093/humrep/der011

Cited by 80 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…It is also well known that nicotine harmfully affects sperm quality parameters in humans and rats exposed to this xenobiotic during adulthood (Sofikitis et al, 1995;Arabi, 2004;Ravnborg et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late reproductive analysis in rat male offspring exposed to nicotine during pregnancy and lactation

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYWe previously observed that nicotine, administered to rats (Wistar) during pregnancy and lactation periods, provokes, in the progeny, late morphofunctional alterations in Leydig cell, body weight increase in adulthood (90 days post partum, dpp) as well as seminiferous epithelium injury. Aiming to investigate whether the spermatogenic damage previously observed in adult progenies from pregnant and lactating nicotine-exposed rat dams are maintained or whether it is worsened in older rats, we analyzed the morphological testicular alterations after up to two complete periods of spermatogenesis (53 days each), spermatic parameters, and sperm DNA fragmentation. Pregnant and lactating rats were nicotine-exposed (2 mg/kg/day) through an osmotic minipump implanted on the first day of pregnancy and replaced after birth. Absolute Control (no minipump) and Sham Control (minipump without nicotine) groups were established. The offspring were killed at 90, 143, and 196 dpp. Significant alterations in morphometric and stereological testicular parameters, such as concentration of sperm number, daily sperm production, and plasma and intratesticular levels of cholesterol and testosterone were not observed in nicotine-exposed rats. Testicular histopathological analysis showed small intraepithelial vacuolization and an accentuated germ cell desquamation in exposed rats. However, the offspring from nicotine-exposed dams exhibited higher frequency of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa and lower sperm motility in comparison with control groups. In addition, nicotine-exposed groups showed a significant reduction in sperm mitochondrial activity and an increased sperm DNA fragmentation (Comet assay). These results indicate a late reproductive damage in the male progeny caused by maternal nicotine exposure, related to the decrease in sperm quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late reproductive analysis in rat male offspring exposed to nicotine during pregnancy and lactation

et al. 2016

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“…The first study by Fried et al (2001) found that voice break occurred at an earlier age among male offspring exposed to cigarette smoke in utero, although the study was limited by a very small sample size (83 men). More recently, a large cross-sectional study of 3486 men by Ravnborg et al (2011) also indicated that prenatal exposure to tobacco may lead to earlier voice break, growth of penis and pubic hair development, but their study was limited by the use of retrospectively collected data on prenatal cigarette exposure (binomial, yes/no) through the sons and limited confounder adjustment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study addresses some of the limitations of the previous published articles (Fried et al, 2001;Ravnborg et al, 2011). We used prospectively collected data on maternal cigarette smoking , maternal alcohol drinking during pregnancy (0 drink/week, 0.5-1.5 drinks/week, !…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During recent years, studies have focused on whether prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking affects sexual maturation, and, although conflicting results have been published (Fried et al, 2001;Windham et al, 2008), age of menarche may be accelerated in girls exposed to cigarette smoking in foetal life (Windham et al, 2004;Rubin et al, 2009;Shrestha et al, 2011). To the best of our knowledge, only two studies have addressed boys, and their findings indicate that prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke may also lead to an earlier male pubertal development (Fried et al, 2001;Ravnborg et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and pubertal development in sons. A follow‐up study of a birth cohort

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYEpidemiological studies have raised concern about the reproductive consequences of prenatal cigarette smoking exposure, possibly affecting semen quality and onset of pubertal development of the offspring. The aim of this study was to further investigate pubertal development in young men exposed to cigarette smoking in foetal life. In a Danish pregnancy cohort, information on maternal smoking during pregnancy was available from questionnaires administered in 1984-1987, and information on pubertal development, assessed by age at first nocturnal emission, acne, voice break and regular shaving, was obtained from a follow-up questionnaire administered in 2005 to the young men (age: 18-21). We found no significant association between prenatal cigarette smoking exposure and earlier onset of puberty, but we did observe a tendency towards earlier age of first nocturnal emission, acne and voice break, indicating an accelerated age of pubertal development. Men exposed to ! 15 cigarettes/day had 3.1 months (95% CI: À6.4; 0.2) earlier age at acne and 2.2 months (95% CI: À7.3; 3.0) earlier age at first nocturnal emission, 1.2 months (95% CI: À4.6; 2.2) earlier age at voice break, however, 1.3 months (95% CI: À1.6; 4.3) later age at regular shaving, compared with unexposed men. Prenatal cigarette smoking exposure may induce an earlier age at onset of puberty in young men, but larger studies with prospectively collected data on pubertal development are needed to explore this hypothesis further.

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“…The longstanding developmental origins of adult health and disease hypothesis have received support from recent research of non-genetic influences on offspring, including epigenetic changes (Barouki et al, 2012;Juul et al, 2014). Data suggest an influence of the uterine environment on reproductive health in offspring, through various processes (Jensen et al, 2004;Ravnborg et al, 2011;Dupont et al, 2012). In animal studies, Sertoli cell development and, potentially, sperm production, are affected by maternal nutrition during pregnancy (Olsen et al, 2000;Genovese et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male birthweight, semen quality and birth outcomes

et al. 2017

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STUDY QUESTION: What are the relations among birthweight (BW), semen parameters and birth outcomes in a population-based sample?SUMMARY ANSWER: BW is unrelated to semen parameters, which are in turn unrelated to birth outcomes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:In clinical settings, there has been suggestion that semen parameters are related to BW when comparing fertile and infertile men; however, findings have been less clear in more general populations.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Questionnaire data and semen samples were collected at baseline from 427 male participants of the population-based Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE) prospective cohort study from 2005 to 2009, who were followed prospectively to assess pregnancy outcomes among 226 singleton births. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS:Men of at least 18 years of age who were married or in a committed relationship and trying to conceive were eligible for participation; physician-diagnosed infertility was an exclusion criterion. Participants were recruited from two geographic areas and semen samples were analyzed for 34 quality parameters categorized as general, motility, morphology, sperm head and sperm chromatin structure using methods including computer-aided semen analysis integrated visual optical system and sperm chromatin structure assay. Linear and mixed models were used for statistical analysis of the relations between men's BW, semen parameters, and BW, gestational age at delivery, birth length, head circumference and ponderal index of singleton births. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:No association was observed between male BW and semen parameters or birth outcomes. Few associations were observed between semen parameters and birth outcomes, and the observed statistically significant associations were isolated and without a consistent pattern that would suggest an association between BW and birth outcomes.LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Men's BW was self-reported and may be subject to some imprecision. Semen analysis was performed the day after collection, an approach that impacts the assessment of motility and that may limit inference from our analyses of motility measures. In addition, inclusion criteria for selection into the cohort limits generalizability to generally healthy couples trying to conceive and without known subfertility. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS:Despite suggestions from prior studies of male in utero exposures impacting BW and male reproductive health, there appears to be little support for such relations in this generally healthy population.

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Prenatal and adult exposures to smoking are associated with adverse effects on reproductive hormones, semen quality, final height and body mass index

Cited by 80 publications

References 46 publications

Late reproductive analysis in rat male offspring exposed to nicotine during pregnancy and lactation

Late reproductive analysis in rat male offspring exposed to nicotine during pregnancy and lactation

Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and pubertal development in sons. A follow‐up study of a birth cohort

Male birthweight, semen quality and birth outcomes

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