Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for eating disorders in women: A population cohort study

Watson, Hunna J.; Diemer, Elizabeth W; Zerwas, Stephanie; Gustavson, Kristin; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Torgersen, Leila; Reichborn‐Kjennerud, Ted; Bulik, Cynthia M.

doi:10.1002/eat.23073

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A similar result was obtained in another large population-based study in Sweden. Women who weighed less than the reference group at birth were more likely to later develop AN [52]. However, other studies observed a rather high [53] or broad premorbid weight range [54], although these samples sizes were much smaller than those in the ALSPAC or Swedish study.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Children in Need—Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Anorexia Nervosa

Herpertz‐Dahlmann¹,

Dahmen²

2019

Nutrients

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Knowledge of anorexia nervosa (AN) in childhood is scarce. This review gives a state-of-the-art overview on the definition, classification, epidemiology and etiology of this serious disorder. The typical features of childhood AN in comparison to adolescent AN and avoidant restrictive eating disorder (ARFID) are described. Other important issues discussed in this article are somatic and psychiatric comorbidity, differential diagnoses and medical and psychological assessment of young patients with AN. Special problems in the medical and psychological treatment of AN in children are listed, although very few studies have investigated age-specific treatment strategies. The physical and mental outcomes of childhood AN appear to be worse than those of adolescent AN, although the causes for these outcomes are unclear. There is an urgent need for ongoing intensive research to reduce the consequences of this debilitating disorder of childhood and to help patients recover.

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Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Children in Need—Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Anorexia Nervosa

Herpertz‐Dahlmann¹,

Dahmen²

2019

Nutrients

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“…Previous studies that specifically focused on one risk factor domain, like pregnancy factors, usually had larger samples sizes (Larsen et al, 2020 ; Watson et al, 2019 ) than our study. Therefore, it is not surprising that we did not replicate all significant associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The etiology of eating pathology is complex and involves an interplay of biological, psychological and behavioral factors, which is not fully understood (Jacobi et al, 2004 ). Many studies have specifically focused on one area of interest, like pregnancy and perinatal factors (Larsen, Bulik, Thornton, Koch, & Petersen, 2020 ; Watson et al, 2019 ), weight and shape concerns (Killen et al, 1996 ; Stice & Shaw, 2002 ), affective symptoms (Ranta et al, 2017 ; Schaumberg et al, 2019 ), early childhood eating problems (Kotler, Cohen, Davies, Pine, & Walsh, 2001 ; Marchi & Cohen, 1990 ), sexual abuse (Johnson, Cohen, Kasen, & Brook, 2002 ; Smolak & Murnen, 2002 ) and family factors (Dominy, Johnson, & Koch, 2000 ; Shoebridge & Gowers, 2000 ). In general, effect sizes for risk factors tend to be small.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors in preadolescent boys and girls for the development of eating pathology in young adulthood

Eeden

Oldehinkel

Hoeken

et al. 2021

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Despite a growing literature on potential risk factors for eating disorders, longitudinal research starting before adolescence is scarce, and little is known about risk factors in males. We investigated risk factors in preadolescent boys and girls for the development of eating pathology in adolescence and young adulthood. Method This study is part of TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey), a Dutch population‐based cohort study (N = 2,229) from preadolescence into adulthood. Potential risk factors were measured at age 11, based on self‐report, reports of one of the parents, and records of the Preventive Child Healthcare. Variables included sociodemographic variables, pregnancy and perinatal factors, eating‐ and weight‐related factors, psychological functioning, stressful experiences and family factors. At age 19, two‐stage screening including interviews by eating disorder experts was used to examine the prevalence of eating disorders. At age 22 and 26, eating pathology was assessed by the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale. Results Preadolescent anxious distress and high weight were associated with eating pathology in adolescence and young adulthood in both boys and girls. Overeating in preadolescence was found to be a prodromal symptom of eating disorders during late adolescence. No evidence was found for sex‐specific risk factors. Discussion Anxious preadolescents with high weight are at increased risk for the development of eating pathology later on. Clinicians should be aware of eating disorder symptoms — like overeating — in this high‐risk group of children, and could consider an early intervention to prevent the development of full‐blown eating disorders.

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“…Body image is a multidimensional construct in which various thoughts, beliefs, emotions, and behaviors play a dynamic role in one’s subjective assessment of one’s physical appearance and overall attitude toward one’s body [ 5 ]. Understanding the mechanisms by which women can achieve greater satisfaction with their bodies during pregnancy is an important research topic that can inspire planning for more effective psychological support [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the pre- and perinatal period, predisposing factors for the development of poor eating habits are multiple pregnancy, biological age of parents (35–39 years), planning offspring, perinatal complications, delivery between 22–37 weeks of gestation, cesarean method, genitourinary tract infection (before pregnancy), gastrointestinal, metabolic-endocrine diseases, body mass index in women below 18.5 kg/m 2 and above 25 kg/m 2 , as well as psychosocial factors concerning interpersonal relations, degree of satisfaction with motherhood, and perception of own body [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The changes associated with negative body image perception, as well as dysmorphophobia in specific clinical cases, have a psychological basis leading to eating disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of the Body Image in Women after Childbirth and the Specific Determinants of Their Eating Behavior: Cross-Sectional Study (Silesia, Poland)

Grajek

Krupa‐Kotara

Grot

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Episodes of loss of control over eating during pregnancy affect up to 36% of women during this period. Many women experience natural concerns about weight gain and body-shape changes during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and food cravings and fluctuations in eating patterns during these periods are physiological phenomena. However, pregnancy and the postpartum period may be an additional determinant of eating disorders. Women who perceive their own bodies as significantly deviating from the presented ideal are more likely to experience anxiety/anxiety related to it and also tend to exhibit abnormal eating behaviors. The perception of one’s body figure also plays an important role in maintaining psychological balance Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the perception of body image by postpartum women. The essence of the study was to see if there were psychomarkers associated with lack of control over eating, food restriction, and emotionally motivated eating in the study population. Material and methods: The study was conducted during the fall and winter of 2021. A total of 288 women participated in the study. The age of the subjects ranged from 21 to 45 years. Results: It was found that 198 women (68.8%) were dissatisfied with their current body weight and figure. Respondents with higher post-pregnancy body mass index showed dissatisfaction with their body shape (49.8%; H = 13.042; p = 0.001). Both body satisfaction and BMI level were significant components of the occurrence of pathological phenomena associated with the TFEQ-13 subscales (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Excessive focus on food restriction as well as lack of control over eating had some association with negative self-perception of body image, mainly in the form of body weight dissatisfaction. Eating behaviors showed an association with BMI level and weight satisfaction after pregnancy.

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Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for eating disorders in women: A population cohort study

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Children in Need—Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Anorexia Nervosa

Children in Need—Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Anorexia Nervosa

Risk factors in preadolescent boys and girls for the development of eating pathology in young adulthood

Perception of the Body Image in Women after Childbirth and the Specific Determinants of Their Eating Behavior: Cross-Sectional Study (Silesia, Poland)

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