Prenatal diagnosis and immediate successful management of isolated fetal epignathus

Abstract

Epignathus or enigmatic teratoma is rare congenital tumor, arising from the sphenoid region of the palate or pharynx. A 30-year-old pregnant woman presented at 34 weeks + 2 days’ gestation with a well-defined solid mass measuring 6.47 cm × 5.7 cm arising from the fetal oral cavity. The color flow mapping showed that the mass was well vascularized, especially in its center, and its blood supply was originated from the fetal oral cavity. The newborn has no chromosomal abnormalities or other associated anomalies and/or intracranial extension immediately and successfully managed after delivery to highlight the importance of prenatal diagnosis and the importance of multidisciplinary team management.

Sequelae of congenital oropharyngeal teratoma in the oral cavity of the child

“…The presence of the larger tumor was found during the ultrasound exam in the 34th week of pregnancy, similar to other reports 9,10,12,16,19 in which the diagnosis also occurred in the third trimester. Other studies 7,8,20,23 reported the presence of teratoma in the second trimester of pregnancy, and in some 2,14,15 , only after birth.…”

“…In this case, the removal of the teratoma was performed early, o the 17th day of life, requiring removal of the residual teratoma two weeks later. The tumor described in this case was classified anatomically and pathologically as mature, as well as the tumors reported by most authors 2,4,6,9,11,12,14,16,19,21,22 . However, even though it is an uncommon occurrence, Kumar et al 7 and Chung et al 8 reported cases of immature teratoma.…”

“…Studies show a higher prevalence, in the proportion of 3:1, in girls than in boys, without justification for the difference between them. Other studies 3,[12][13][14]21,22 described the presence of teratoma in male neonates. In this case, it was not possible to define the etiology of congenital oropharyngeal teratoma.…”

“…Most studies 2,4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] report some characteristics of teratoma and its removal, without describing the consequences in the oral cavity. Whereas congenital oropharyngeal teratoma develops early in intrauterine life, thus affecting the growth and development of adjacent structures, the purpose of this case report is to present the sequelae of this tumor in a child's oral cavity.…”

Teratoma nasofaríngeo inmaduro con diagnóstico prenatal: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

“…La vía más frecuente del parto fue la cesárea, con protocolo EXIT en un 65,4 % de los casos (n = 36) (9)(10)(11)17,26,27,(29)(30)(31)(33)(34)(35)38,(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(50)(51)(52)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)62,63,65); el parto vaginal se presentó en el 20 % de los casos (n = 11) (6,8,12,21,23,25,32,37 ,39,40,49), y se realizó la interrupción voluntaria de la gestación en el 18,1 % de los casos (n = 10) (18,20 ,22,24,28,36,53,60,61,64). Al nacimiento, el género femenino fue el más frecuente, con un 50,9 % (n = 28) (9,10,18,19,21,22,24,26,27,32,34,36,…”