“…Previous work in vertebrates as well as in invertebrates has shown that developmental hypoxia causes axonal pathfinding errors in telencephalic neurons, through activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (hif1) pathway (Stevenson et al, 2012;Xing et al, 2015). Hypoxia has also been noted to affect synapse development (Curristin et al, 2002;Segura et al, 2016;Zhuravin et al, 2019), but in this work we identified that hypoxia could act on dopaminergic signaling to affect synapse development, including effects on synaptic circuitry, and short-and long-term behavioral effects. However, we cannot exclude that hypoxia might have multifactorial impacts on behavior and locomotor development, for example, that hypoxia could be affecting myelin development or function; or of other aspects of circuitry, for example, motor neuron to muscle synapses.…”