Prenatal malnutrition and development of the brain

Morgane, Peter J.; Austin-LaFrance, R.J.; Bronzino, Joseph D.; Tonkiss, John; Dı́az-Cintra, Sofı́a; Cintra, L.; Kemper, Tom; Galler, Janina R.

doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80234-9

Cited by 607 publications

(468 citation statements)

References 210 publications

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“…152 These models have utilized a number of manipulations to disrupt the developing brain including amphetamines, 153 neurotoxicants, [154][155][156][157][158][159] hypoxia, 160 malnutrition, 161 surgical ablations, 162 and postnatal separation. 163 An advantage of animal models is that they allow behavioral abnormalities to be correlated with structural and neurochemical alteration as a function of developmental stage.…”

Section: Behavioral and Neuropsychologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia and viral infection during neurodevelopment: a focus on mechanisms

Pearce

2001

Mol Psychiatry

137

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The task of defining schizophrenia pathogenesis has fascinated and frustrated researchers for nearly a century. In recent years, unprecedented advances from diverse fields of study have given credence to both viral and developmental theories. This review considers possible mechanisms by which viral and developmental processes may interact to engender schizophrenia. Many of the current controversies in schizophrenia pathogenesis are reviewed in light of the viral hypothesis, including: epidemiological findings and the role of a genetic diathesis, phenotype heterogeneity, abnormalities in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter systems, anomalous cerebral latereralization, and static vs progressive disease. The importance of animal models in elucidating the impact of viral infections on developing neurons is illustrated by recent studies in which neonatal rats are infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in order to examine alterations in hippocampal circuitry. Finally, consideration is given to a new hypothesis that some cases of schizophrenia could be instigated by a viral infection that disrupts developing inhibitory circuits, consequently unleashing glutamatergic neurotransmission leading to selective excitotoxicity, and a degenerative disease course. Molecular Psychiatry (2001) 6, 634-646.

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Section: Behavioral and Neuropsychologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia and viral infection during neurodevelopment: a focus on mechanisms

Pearce

2001

Mol Psychiatry

137

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“…Rats. [grupo-controle: 12,00 (9,(0)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)00) dias; POFG=9,50 (9,(0)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)00) dias] e queda livre [grupo-controle:18,00 (17,00); POFG=16,00 (13,(0)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Hence, low protein intake affects pregnancy and lactation performance, and the protein content of the dam's milk 5,6 . There are numerous reports in the literature about the relationship between protein quality 7 and quantity 2,5,6,8 in the dam's diet and the changes it causes on the somatic, metabolic and functional systems of the dam and her offspring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental diet based on the foods listed in the Family Budget Survey is more detrimental to growth than to the reflex development of rats

et al. 2013

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OBJECTIVE: The present study assessed the pregnancy and lactation performances of rats fed an experimental diet based on the foods listed in the Family Budget Survey (Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar) 2002/2003 and the impact of said diet on the growth and development of the pups until weaning. METHODS: Wistar (n=12) rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (control group, n=6) fed a commercial chow (Labina®, Brazil) and an experimental group (n=6) fed the Family Budget Survey diet during the entire pregnancy and lactation period. All animals had free access to food and water during the entire study period. RESULTS: The Family Budget Survey diet increased the duration of pregnancy (control group=21.00±0.00; POFG=21.57±0.55, p=0.025) and made the dams lose weight during the lactation period (control group=27.92±18.47g; POFG=-15.66±16.90g). The Family Budget Survey group presented low food, energy and nutrient intakes during pregnancy, which became even lower during lactation. Pups from Family Budget Survey dams presented lower body weight at weaning (control group=52.38±4.49g; POFG=39.88±2.78g, p=0.001) and lower nose-to-anus length (control group= 117.37±0.64mm; POFG=125.62±0.96mm, p=0.001). However, some physical milestones and reflexes occurred earlier, such as the placing response reflex [control group= 12.00 (9.00-15.00) days; POFG=9.50 (9.00-14.00) days] aerial righting reflex [control group=18.00 (17.00-20.00) days; POFG=16.00 (13.00-18.00) days] and unfolding of the external ear [control group=3.00 (3.00-3.00) days; POFG=2.00 (2.00-3.00) days]. CONCLUSION: The Family Budget Survey diet seems to be more detrimental to the physical growth of the pups than to their brain growth, according to the assessed reflexes and physical milestones and measures. This may be due to the low protein content of the diet for rat reproduction and growth combined with adequate fat and essential fatty acid contents. Providing an adequate amount of protein to the Family Budget Survey diet may normalize pup growth.

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“…Nas últimas décadas, estudos sistemáticos tentaram delinear fatores sociais e biológicos (Colombo, de Andraca & López, 1988;Georgieff, 1994;Salvatierra, Castillo, Ibañez & Mejias, 1984), determinantes do estado nutricional e do desenvolvimento biológico (Colquhoun, 1994;Lozoff, 1989;Morgane, 1993;Parker, Greer & Zuckerman, 1988;Read, 1982;Recagno, 1982;Stein & Susser, 1985). De modo geral, observou-se que crianças procedentes de ambientes empobrecidos sofreriam uma dupla ameaça: estariam freqüentemente expostas a riscos de caráter ambiental e sofreriam, mais do que crianças de nível socioeconômico mais elevado, as conseqüências desses riscos.…”

Section: Universidade De Brasíliaunclassified

“…A ênfase na descrição detalhada de contingências ambientais se justificaria, assim, por esses e outros estudos que sugerem a relevância de intervenções psicossociais sobre o ambiente da criança, visando o estabelecimento de condições favoráveis à promoção e reabilitação comportamental de efeitos adversos da desnutrição (Brazelton, 1981;Field, McCabe & Schneiderman, 1988;Morgane, 1993;Mullen, Coll, Vohr, Muriel & Oh, 1988;Young, 1993;Zannon, 1981), incluindo estudos que utilizam sujeitos animais (Almeida, 1994;Crnic, 1983;Oliveira & Almeida, 1985;Widman & Rosellini, 1990).…”

Section: Universidade De Brasíliaunclassified

Desnutrição e desenvolvimento comportamental: questões metodológicas

Júnior

Zannon

1997

Estud. psicol. (Natal)

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Abstract:Malnutrition and behavioral development: methodological issues. This introductory critical review addresses childhood malnutrition and its relation to child behavioral development. Methodological issues concerning the study of this relationship are presented. Implications of psychometric and epidemiological studies are pointed, focusing on results obtained with cognitive scales and the most common statistical measurement. The relevance of behavioral technology for functional analysis of the malnourished children development is emphasized. Its importance is also pointed for the elucidation of the effects of environmental intervention towards the establishment of favorable conditions for behavioral development.

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Prenatal malnutrition and development of the brain

Cited by 607 publications

References 210 publications

Schizophrenia and viral infection during neurodevelopment: a focus on mechanisms

Schizophrenia and viral infection during neurodevelopment: a focus on mechanisms

Experimental diet based on the foods listed in the Family Budget Survey is more detrimental to growth than to the reflex development of rats

Desnutrição e desenvolvimento comportamental: questões metodológicas

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