Prenatal stress induces intrauterine growth restriction and programmes glucose intolerance and feeding behaviour disturbances in the aged rat

Lésage, Jean; Del-Favero, F; Léonhardt, Marion; Louvart, Hélène; Maccari, Stefania; Vieau, Didier; Darnaudéry, Muriel

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1810291

Cited by 239 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Research into the interplay between the HPA axis and metabolism suggests that the relationship between these systems is established during the prenatal and early postnatal period (3,10,39,53), and maternal stress experienced by the fetus during gestation has proven developmental and metabolic effects (26,34,37,38). Persistent stress also influences bone function, with chronic elevations of cortisol leading to low bone mineral in humans (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term voluntary exercise in the rat causes bone modeling without initiating a physiological stress response

Rosa¹,

Firth²,

Blair³

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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research has revealed a neuroendocrine connection between the skeleton and metabolism. Exercise alters both bone modeling and energy balance and may be useful in further developing our understanding of this complex interplay. However, research in this field requires an animal model of exercise that does not cause a physiological stress response in the exercised subjects. In this study, we develop a model of short-term voluntary exercise in the female rat that causes bone modeling without causing stress. Rats were randomly assigned to one of three age-matched groups: control, tower climbing, and squat exercise (rising to an erect bipedal stance). Exercise for 21 days resulted in bone modeling as assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Fecal corticosterone output was used to assess physiological stress at three time points during the study (preexercise, early exercise, and late in the exercise period). There were no differences in fecal corticosterone levels between groups or time points. This model of voluntary exercise in the rat will be useful for future studies of the influence of exercise on the relationship between skeletal and metabolic health and may be appropriate for investigation of the developmental origins of those effects. computed tomography; corticosterone; exercise; metabolism; stress RECENT ADVANCES IN OUR UNDERSTANDING of the dynamic relationship between body structure and metabolism have revealed a neuroendocrine connection between bone remodeling and energy balance, with both bone and fat acting as endocrine organs (14). The osteoblast-specific protein osteocalcin regulates glucose handling through effects on insulin secretion and sensitivity (33). This action is in turn mediated by the adipokine leptin, which inhibits insulin secretion through direct effects on pancreatic ␤-cells (18) and through inhibition of osteocalcin activity (25). The interplay between bone and metabolism has recently been further elucidated by the discovery that the Forkhead family transcription factor FoxO1, a key regulator of insulin handling in multiple tissues, also acts within the osteoblast to control osteocalcin expression and bioactivity (46).Exercise stimulates modeling of the musculoskeletal system (19, 55, 65), alters metabolism (40), and enhances brain function (17), and thus exercise provides an excellent means of exploring the neuroendocrine connection between bone, fat, and energy balance. The rat model of exercise has been used extensively to study the physiological effects of physical activity using such exercise modalities as swimming (24, 32), running (20,29,41,49,52), jumping (57), tower climbing (43), rising to an erect bipedal stance (11, 64), and weight lifting (62). The effects of exercise on bone have been widely characterized in the rat. Ovariectomized rats undergo changes in bone structure that are nearly identical to those seen in human osteoporosis (28,42), and these animals have proven useful for the study of exercise interventions in osteoporosis treatment (36).In examini...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term voluntary exercise in the rat causes bone modeling without initiating a physiological stress response

Rosa¹,

Firth²,

Blair³

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Animal studies show varying effects of PNMS on body weight, some suggesting decreased weight in adolescent and adult offspring (13), others increased (14,15), and some with no significant effects (16). These studies also suggest that PNMS exposure is associated with later hypertension (14) and features of insulin resistance (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…We also assessed maternal smoking during pregnancy in the second questionnaire (any smoking "yes/no" and cigarettes per day). We included cigarettes per day in analyses: 0 (no smoking), 1 (1-5 cigarettes/day), 2 (6-10), 3 (11-15), 4 (16)(17)(18)(19)(20), and 5 (> 20).…”

Section: Predictor Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prenatal exposure to a natural disaster increases risk for obesity in 5½-year-old children

et al. 2011

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“…In animal research, prenatal stress has been related to lower fetal and birth weight of the offspring (7,8). In humans, results of research investigating the relationship between maternal distress and lower birth weight are inconsistent (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

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confidence: 99%

The influence of maternal cortisol and emotional state during pregnancy on fetal intrauterine growth

et al. 2012

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Background: This exploratory study investigates the influence of maternal cortisol and emotional state during pregnancy on fetal intrauterine growth (IUG). We expected higher basal cortisol levels, or more depressive and anxious complaints during pregnancy, to be associated with slower IUG and lower birth weight. Methods: a total of 91 pregnant women were recruited from the antenatal clinic and were seen once each trimester. In addition to psychological assessments, a diurnal cortisol profile was derived from saliva samples. IUG was evaluated using ultrasound. results: In mid-pregnancy (trimester (T)2), basal cortisol levels significantly predicted the variance of weight (proportion of variance in growth variable explained (PVe) = 11.6%) and body mass index (BMI) at birth (PVe = 6.8%). In late pregnancy (T3) emotional state, particularly depressive symptoms (BMI at birth: PVe = 6.9%; ponderal index (PI) at birth: PVe = 8.2%; head circumference at T3: PVe = 10.3%; head circumference at birth PVe = 9.1%) and attachment (BMI at birth: PVe = 6.9%; PI at birth: PVe = 7.2%) had an influence on growth. analysis of growth between T2 and T3 showed that attachment and cortisol in T3 had an influence on the variation in increase in estimated fetal weight (PVe = 12.5-8.6%).

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Prenatal stress induces intrauterine growth restriction and programmes glucose intolerance and feeding behaviour disturbances in the aged rat

Cited by 239 publications

References 30 publications

Short-term voluntary exercise in the rat causes bone modeling without initiating a physiological stress response

Short-term voluntary exercise in the rat causes bone modeling without initiating a physiological stress response

Prenatal exposure to a natural disaster increases risk for obesity in 5½-year-old children

The influence of maternal cortisol and emotional state during pregnancy on fetal intrauterine growth

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