Prenatal Tobacco Exposure and Brain Morphology: A Prospective Study in Young Children

Marroun, Hanan El; Schmidt, Marcus; Franken, Ingmar H.A.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Hofman, Albert; Lugt, Aad van der; Verhulst, Frank C.; Tiemeier, Henning; White, Tonya

doi:10.1038/npp.2013.273

Cited by 108 publications

(86 citation statements)

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“…Both steps of quality control had to be passed successfully in order for data to be included in the analyses. 29 Neuroimaging measures of interest were cortical thickness and gyrification. We calculated cortical thickness as the closest distance from the grey/white matter boundary to the grey matter/cerbrospinal fluid (CSF) boundary at each vertex on the tessellated surface.…”

Section: Cortical Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical morphology as a shared neurobiological substrate of attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and executive functioning: a population-based pediatric neuroimaging study

Mous

White

Muetzel

et al. 2017

JPN

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IntroductionNeurodevelopmental disorders have repeatedly been associated with poor cognitive functioning and lower levels of general intelligence in both clinical and epidemiological population-based samples.1,2 Studies of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have shown moderate correlations between ADHD symptom scores and IQ scores and a significantly lower mean IQ in children with ADHD.3,4 Yet, it is unclear whether these deficits in cognitive functioning represent a general cognitive deficit, or whether they primarily reflect deficits in more specific cognitive domains. In order to parse out the specific cognitive problems, multiple studies have tested neuropsychological performance in clinical ADHD samples. These studies suggest that a wide range of neuropsychological domains is affected in patients with ADHD.3,5-7 Yet, 2 large meta-analyses demonstrated that ADHD seems most strongly associated with tasks assessing executive functioning (EF). 3,6 Genetic studies have demonstrated a shared etiology of cognitive ability and child psychopathology in general and, more specifically, in children with ADHD. 4,8 This shared genetic background suggests that a common neurobiology under lies ADHD and cognition. Previous neuroimaging studies in ADHD have shown a delay in brain maturation 9 and a thinner cortex 10 throughout most of the cerebrum. In population-based pediatric samples of both healthy children 11 and the population at large 12 the latter association has Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms have repeatedly been associated with poor cognitive functioning. Genetic studies have demonstrated a shared etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cognitive ability, suggesting a common underlying neuro biology of ADHD and cognition. Further, neuroimaging studies suggest that altered cortical development is related to ADHD. In a large population-based sample we investigated whether cortical morphology, as a potential neurobiological substrate, underlies the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and cognitive problems. Methods: The sample consisted of school-aged children with data on attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms, cognitive functioning and structural imaging. First, we investigated the association between attentiondeficit/hyperactivity symptoms and different domains of cognition. Next, we identified cortical correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and related cognitive domains. Finally, we studied the role of cortical thickness and gyrification in the behaviour-cognition associations. Results:We included 776 children in our analyses. We found that attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms were associated specifically with problems in attention and executive functioning (EF; b = -0.041, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.07 to -0.01, p = 0.004). Cortical thickness and gyrification were associated with both attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and EF in brain regions that have been previously implicated in ADHD. This partl...

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Section: Cortical Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical morphology as a shared neurobiological substrate of attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and executive functioning: a population-based pediatric neuroimaging study

Mous

White

Muetzel

et al. 2017

JPN

Self Cite

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“…113 In two recent, well controlled studies with large populations (n > 100), alterations in cortical morphology in children with prenatal exposure to tobacco and/or marijuana were shown. 114,115 Polysubstance exposure is common in populations of prenatally drug-exposed children. Results from a volumetric MRI study of children with prenatal exposure to alcohol, tobacco, cocaine and marijuana suggested that these substances may act cumulatively during gestation to exert long lasting effects on brain volumes.…”

Section: Mri Studies Of Prenatally Drug-exposed Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Volumetric measures from FreeSurfer have been validated against manual segmentation 129 and the method has been widely used in previous pediatric studies. 114,139,140 Head motion during MRI acquisition can affect the automated volumetric estimates. 141 It is however, unlikely that head motion artifacts could explain the observed group differences in volumetric brain measures, as there was no significant difference between exposed and unexposed children in the quality score given to the MRI scans based on the grade of movement artifacts.…”

Section: Mri Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we find it unlikely that prenatal smoking could explain reduced volumes of the basal ganglia in paper II, as no volume reductions of deep gray matter structures were found in a recent prospective study including 113 children prenatally exposed to tobacco. 114 Very few studies have examined possible effects of prenatal smoking on brain activation patterns. In a study of young adults with prenatal nicotine exposure greater activity in several brain regions, including the middle frontal gyrus were found compared to non-exposed controls, despite similar performance on a working memory task.…”

Section: Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children With Prenatal Drug Exposure

Sirnes

Elgen

Chong

et al. 2016

Clin Pediatr (Phila)

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This study aimed to evaluate cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of children with prenatal drug exposure in a clinical context. A hospital-based cohort of 10- to 14-year-old children, prenatally exposed to alcohol, opioids, and polysubstances, and a group of sex- and age-matched controls were examined with cerebral MRI. Scans obtained from 34 exposed children and 40 controls were scored based on the presence and degree of pathology by an experienced pediatric neuroradiologist blinded to the participants’ background. Overall visual detectable MRI pathology was found in 35% of the exposed children and 33% of the controls (odds ratio = 1.08; 95% confidence interval = 0.36-3.25). No specific imaging pattern following prenatal drug exposure was seen by the means of simple visual analysis of cerebral MRI scans. Although cerebral MRI is feasible, it is probably of limited value in the clinical assessment of children with prenatal drug exposure.

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“…Prenatal tobacco exposure was associated with reductions in fetal head growth, reduced volume of the frontal lobes and cerebellum, and smaller width of the lateral ventricles [62,63]. During childhood, prenatal tobacco exposure is associated with additional changes in brain structure including smaller total brain volume and smaller cortical gray matter volume [36,64], cortical thinning in superior frontal and parietal cortices [64] and reduced gray matter volume in subcortical regions including the amygdala, thalamus, and pallidum [59,65]. Increased volume in the frontal cortex with corresponding decreases in the anterior cingulate cortex was also observed [66].…”

Section: Maternal and Environmental Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Current Neuroimaging Studies of the Effects of Prenatal Drug Exposure: Brain Structure and Function

Willford¹,

Smith²,

Kuhn³

et al. 2016

Recent Advances in Drug Addiction Research and Clinical Applications

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Neuroimaging tools have provided novel methods for understanding the impact of prenatal drug exposure on brain structure and function and its relation to development and behavior. Information gained from neuroimaging studies allows for the investigation of how prenatal drug exposure alters the typical developmental trajectory. The current prevalence and characteristics of prenatal drug exposure and its implications for vulnerable periods of brain development are reviewed. Structural and functional neuroimaging methods are introduced with examples of how study results from prenatal alcohol, cocaine, marijuana, and tobacco exposure further our understanding of the neurodevelopment impact of prenatal drug exposure. Prenatal drug neuroimaging studies have advanced our understanding of mechanisms and functional deficits associated with prenatal drug exposure. Studies have identified brain circuits associated with the default mode network, inhibitory control, and working memory that show differences in function as a result of prenatal drug exposure. The information gained from studies of prenatal drug exposure on brain structure and function can be used to make connections between animal models and human studies of prenatal drug exposure, identify biomarkers of documented effects of prenatal drug exposure on behavior, and inform prevention and intervention programs for young children.

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Prenatal Tobacco Exposure and Brain Morphology: A Prospective Study in Young Children

Cited by 108 publications

References 50 publications

Cortical morphology as a shared neurobiological substrate of attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and executive functioning: a population-based pediatric neuroimaging study

Cortical morphology as a shared neurobiological substrate of attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and executive functioning: a population-based pediatric neuroimaging study

Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children With Prenatal Drug Exposure

Review of Current Neuroimaging Studies of the Effects of Prenatal Drug Exposure: Brain Structure and Function

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