Prenatal versus Postnatal Malformations Based on the Japanese Experience on Induced Abortions in the Human Being

Nishimura, Hideo

doi:10.1159/000396087

Cited by 85 publications

(93 citation statements)

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“…Approximately 44,000 human embryos, comprising the ''Kyoto collection,'' are historical specimens collected and stored at the Congenital Anomaly Research Center of Kyoto University (Nishimura et al, 1968;Nishimura, 1975;Shiota, 1991;Yamada et al, 2004). In most cases, pregnancy was terminated during the first trimester of pregnancy for socioeconomic reasons under the Maternity Protection Law of Japan.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Human Embryo Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic Liver Morphology and Morphometry by Magnetic Resonance Microscopic Imaging

Hirose

Nakashima

Yamada

et al. 2011

The Anatomical Record

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Embryonic liver has a unique external morphology and quantitative morphometry, based on magnetic resonance imaging data of human embryos from the Kyoto Collection of Human Embryos. Liver morphogenesis is strongly affected by the adjacent organs and tissues. The left ventricle develops to the left medial-caudal side, which results in the formation of a depression at left medial region and a prominence bilaterally at the cranial surface of the liver between Carnegie Stage (CS)17 and CS19. An imprint of the stomach that formed at the dorsal left-medial region of the liver became more marked with development until CS23. A depression induced by the umbilicus formed at the ventral region of the liver between CS16 and CS19. An indentation caused by the right adrenal gland formed at the dorsal-caudal region of the liver surface from CS20. Morphometric analysis revealed that the volume of the liver increased exponentially from CS14 through CS23. The liver developed preferentially along the dorsoventral axis and right/left axis until CS17, along the craniocaudal axis between CS17 and CS19, and then in all directions after CS19. Several important developmental phenomena, such as differentiation of the diaphragm, the extension of the body axis of the embryo, and the physiologic herniation of the intestine into the umbilical cord, may affect morphometric data. These data contribute to a better understanding of liver development as well as the morphogenesis of adjacent organs, both temporally and spatially, and serve as a useful reference for fetal medicine and prenatal diagnosis. Anat Rec, 295:51-59, 2012. V V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Materials and Methods Human Embryo Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic Liver Morphology and Morphometry by Magnetic Resonance Microscopic Imaging

Hirose

Nakashima

Yamada

et al. 2011

The Anatomical Record

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“…The human embryos used in this report were from a large collection of conceptuses that were obtained mostly from apparently normal pregnancies terminated by dilation and curettage, and preserved at the Congenital Anomaly Research Center of Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine (Nishimura, 1975). They were produced after therapeutic abortions were performed on healthy women, with no complications, and were subsequently staged and preserved in formalin, Bouin's, or Lillies fluid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the human Müllerian duct in the sexually undifferentiated stage

Hashimoto

2003

Anat. Rec.

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An embryological explanation for the development of the Mü llerian duct still poses a major challenge. The development of this duct was investigated systematically in human embryos. Seven embryos (Carnegie stages 18 -23) were serially sectioned in the frontal, sagittal, and transversal planes at a thickness of 10 m and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for histological analysis. In all observed embryos, the caudal end of the Mü llerian duct was found to be intimately connected to the Wolffian duct. The opening of the Mü llerian duct to the coelomic cavity was formed as the result of an invagination of the coelomic epithelium at Carnegie stage 18. The duct grew independently from the invagination during stages 19 -23. The fused duct (uterovaginal canal) bifurcated at the caudal portion at Carnegie stages 22 and 23. This is the first description of the caudal portion of the fused Mü llerian ducts separating again and returning to each of the Wolffian ducts in human embryos. Anat Rec Part A 272A: 514 -519, 2003.

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“…The human fetuses used in this study were from the Kyoto collection, Kyoto University, (Nishimura, 1975;Shiota, 1991;Tanaka, 1991;Otani et al, 2008;Udagawa et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2011). All fetuses used in this study were obtained through collaboration with obstetricians in Japan, in accordance with Japanese laws.…”

Section: Human Fetusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Analysis of Mandibular Morphogenesis by Micro‐CT‐Based Mouse and Alizarin Red S‐Stained‐Based Human Studies During Development

Rafiq

Udagawa

Lundh

et al. 2011

The Anatomical Record

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Prenatal development of the mandible is an important factor in its postnatal function. To examine quantitatively normal and abnormal developmental changes of the mandible, we here evaluated morphological changes in mineralizing mandibles by thin-plate spline (TPS) including bending energy (BE) and Procrustes distance (PD), and by Procrustes analyses including warp analysis, regression analysis, and discriminant function analysis. BE and PD were calculated from lateral views of the mandibles of mice or of human fetuses using scanned micro-computed tomography (CT) images or alizarin red S-stained specimens, respectively. BE and PD were compared (1) between different developmental stages, and further, to detect abnormalities in the data sets and to evaluate the deviation from normal development in mouse fetuses, (2) at embryonic day (E) 18.5 between the normal and deformed mandibles, the latter being caused by suturing the jaw at E15.5, (3) at E15.5 and E18.5 between normal and knockout mutant mice of receptor tyrosine kinaselike orphan receptor (Ror) 2. In mice, BE and PD were large during the prenatal period and small after postnatal day 3, suggesting that the mandibular shape changes rapidly during the prenatal and early postnatal periods. In humans, BE of the mandibles peaked at 16-19 weeks of gestation, suggesting the time-dependent change in the mandibular shape. TPS and Procrustes analyses statistically separated the abnormal mandibles of the sutured or Ror2 mutant mouse fetuses from the normal mandible. These results suggest that TPS and Procrustes analyses are useful for assessing the morphogenesis and deformity of the mandible. Anat Rec, 295:313-327, 2012 The mammalian mandible is a complex morphological structure formed by various morphogenetic components of different embryological origins. These morphogenetic components were assembled during development to form the final structure (Atchley, 1993). The mandible originates from cells of the neural crest that migrate to the first mandibular arch and form the embryonic mesenchyme, which later develops into skeletal, dental, and connective tissues. The mesenchymal cells aggregate and produce condensations before undergoing differentiation to produce the morphogenetic components of the mandible (Atchley and Hall, 1991). The mandible consists of two symmetrical halves (right and left), each formed by a dentary bone with four morphogenetic regions: the mandibular body (ramus) and three processes (coronoid, condylar, and angular).Establishing normative expectations for experimentally induced changes in size and shape will be an important innovation in three-dimensional (3-D) micro-computed tomography (CT)-based morphological assessments, especially in quantifying differences in the values of those parameters between sets of developing mandibles as a primary aim. Nondestructive methods such as micro-magnetic resonance imaging (Pieles et al., 2007) and micro-CT (Johnson et al., 2006;Boughner et al., 2008;Nagase et al., 2008;Parsons et al., 2008;Hallgrimss...

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Prenatal versus Postnatal Malformations Based on the Japanese Experience on Induced Abortions in the Human Being

Cited by 85 publications

References 0 publications

Embryonic Liver Morphology and Morphometry by Magnetic Resonance Microscopic Imaging

Embryonic Liver Morphology and Morphometry by Magnetic Resonance Microscopic Imaging

Development of the human Müllerian duct in the sexually undifferentiated stage

Mathematical Analysis of Mandibular Morphogenesis by Micro‐CT‐Based Mouse and Alizarin Red S‐Stained‐Based Human Studies During Development

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