Preoccupation and distress are relevant dimensions in delusional beliefs

Sisti, Davide; Rocchi, Marco; Siddi, Sara; Mura, Tania; Manca, Sebastiana; Preti, Antonio; Петретто, Донателла Рита

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.02.005

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Finally, the Peters et al Delusions Inventory -Italian Version (PDI-21) [36] was adopted to evaluate the severity gradient of delusional ideation since its validity in both clinical and non-clinical population [37]. Because the absolute prevalence of answers on the PDI items influences the scores on the 3 subscales, following previous research [38] a "weighted" score for these dimensional subscales was calculated by dividing the total values by the number of endorsed items on the PDI main queries.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delusional disorder: The role of personality and emotions on delusional ideation

Tonna

Paglia

Ottoni

et al. 2018

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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The relationship between personality and Delusional Disorder in still debated. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of personality features and emotional dispositions on the proneness to delusional beliefs, through the lens of a dimensional approach. 91 outpatients were administered the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders, the Pathological Narcissism Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory. Delusion proneness was positively related to the "Hiding the Self" domain of narcissistic vulnerability and to paranoid traits and negatively related to "Positive Affect". Paranoid traits and "Hiding the Self" significantly interacted in influencing delusion ideation. These data suggest that proneness to delusion depends, at least in part, on a complex interplay between specific emotional and paranoid dispositions within personality.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delusional disorder: The role of personality and emotions on delusional ideation

Tonna

Paglia

Ottoni

et al. 2018

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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“…In order to examine the relationship between reasoning bias and delusional dimensions more specifically (independent of the number of beliefs endorsed), we included in this study all the original PDI measures as well as average levels of conviction, distress, and preoccupation (range 0–5 for each dimension). This strategy of analysing average dimension scores has been adopted in recent PDI studies [ 32 , 43 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jumping to Conclusions Style along the Continuum of Delusions: Delusion-Prone Individuals Are Not Hastier in Decision Making than Healthy Individuals

Kwok

2015

PLoS ONE

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Literature comparing ‘jumping to conclusions’ (JTC) between patients and healthy controls has demonstrated the importance of the reasoning bias in the development of delusions. When groups that vary along the entire delusional continuum are included, the relationship between JTC and delusionality is less clear. This study compared JTC and delusional dimensions between 28 patients with delusions, 35 delusion-prone individuals and 32 non-delusion-prone individuals. Delusion proneness was defined by an established threshold based on the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory. Two versions of the beads task (85:15 and 60:40) were used to measure JTC. As hypothesized, patients manifested hastier data gathering than the two non-clinical groups on both beads tasks. However, delusion-prone individuals did not manifest a hastier decision making style than non-delusion prone individuals. Instead, non-delusion-prone participants showed more JTC bias than delusion-prone individuals on the easier beads task. There was no evidence for a dose-response relationship between JTC and delusional dimensions, with correlations between JTC and PDI scores found in the non-delusion-prone group only. The present finding confirms the link between an extreme JTC bias and the presence of clinical delusions, and argues against a linear relationship between JTC and delusionality along the symptomatic continuum.

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“…Thus, there is a hypothetical optimal hemispheric imbalance that promotes a constructive, task-specific hyperfocus on detail". There is also evidence that patients with schizophrenia show a greater preoccupation with delusional beliefs than healthy controls (Sisti et al, 2012), which could be interpreted as hyperfocusing on the belief. In fact, many descriptions of individuals with schizophrenia report the experience of hallucinations being distracting and engrossing, even to the point of exhaustion (Walsh, Hochbrueckner, Corcoran & Spence, 2016;Flanagan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Hyperfocus and Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperfocus: the forgotten frontier of attention

Ashinoff

Abu‐Akel

2019

Psychological Research

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'Hyperfocus' is a phenomenon that reflects one's complete absorption in a task, to a point where a person appears to completely ignore or 'tune out' everything else. Hyperfocus is most often mentioned in the context of autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but research into its effect on cognitive and neural functioning is limited. We propose that hyperfocus is a critically important aspect of cognition, particularly with regard to clinical populations, and that it warrants significant investigation. Hyperfocus, though ostensibly self-explanatory, is poorly defined within the literature. In many cases, hyperfocus goes undefined, relying on the assumption that the reader inherently knows what it entails. Thus, there is no single consensus to what constitutes hyperfocus. Moreover, some studies do not refer to hyperfocus by name, but describe processes that may be related. In this paper, we review how hyperfocus (as well as possibly related phenomena) has been defined and measured, the challenges associated with hyperfocus research, and assess how hyperfocus affects both neurotypical and clinical populations. Using this foundation, we provide constructive criticism about previously used methods and analyses. We also propose an operational definition of hyperfocus for researchers to use moving forward.

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Preoccupation and distress are relevant dimensions in delusional beliefs

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

Delusional disorder: The role of personality and emotions on delusional ideation

Delusional disorder: The role of personality and emotions on delusional ideation

Jumping to Conclusions Style along the Continuum of Delusions: Delusion-Prone Individuals Are Not Hastier in Decision Making than Healthy Individuals

Hyperfocus: the forgotten frontier of attention

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