A retrospective study was carried out on 30 cases of histologically proven invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with a prior fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. On evaluating the May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG) FNA smears, cytoplasmic vacuolation was observed in 70% cases. Positivity with periodic acid Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant (DPAS) staining was observed in 90% of cases. The chi(2) value on a McNemar test was 4.16. Thus, DPAS staining was significantly superior to MGG staining for picking up cytoplasmic vacuoles (P < 0.05). In 56.67% cases, DPAS staining showed an improvement in score as compared to MGG smears. This was highly significant (P < 0.001) on Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test. Applying the strict criteria of thick-walled cytoplasmic vacuoles with a central darkly stained dot, none of our cases revealed true intracytoplasmic lumina. Larger studies are required to establish a role for DPAS staining in separating borderline, in situ, and invasive breast lesions, and to see if such positvity can be incorporated into the grading systems for breast carcinoma.