Preoperative Hypoalbuminemia Not Associated With Total Ankle Arthroplasty Outcomes

Abstract

Background This study aims to investigate the effect of hypoalbuminemia on the rates of 30-day complication, readmission, and reoperation following total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). Methods The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried from 2007 to 2019 to identify 710 TAA patients. Patients were then stratified into normal (n = 673) or low (n = 37) albumin groups. Demographics, medical comorbidities, concomitant procedures, hospital length of stay, and 30-day complication, readmission, and reoperation rates were compared between groups. Preoperative serum albumin level was also used as a continuous variable when analyzing postoperative outcomes. Results The overall cohort was predominantly male (51.5%), and the mean age was 65.02 (range, 45-87) years. We found there to be no statistically significant difference in demographics between cohorts. However, hypoalbuminemia patients were significantly more likely to use long-term steroids for a chronic condition (normal = 6.1%, low = 18.9%; P = .009). Additionally, there was no difference in 30-day complication (normal = 3.0%, low = 0.0%; P = .618), readmission (normal = 2.4%, low = 0.0%; P = .632), and reoperation (normal = 1.0%, low = 0.0%; P = 1.000) rates between groups. Conclusion The results of this study show that malnourished patients are not at an increased risk of 30-day complication, readmission, or reoperation following TAA despite having a worse preoperative comorbidity profile. Level of Evidence Level III, Retrospective cohort study