Preparation and Analysis of Cello- and Xylooligosaccharides

Vejdovszky, Philipp; Oberlerchner, Josua T.; Zweckmair, Thomas; Rosenau, Thomas; Potthast, Antje

doi:10.1007/12_2015_306

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…The solid fraction was further washed using distilled water to harvest the cellulose-rich fraction, which can be employed for enzymatic saccharification. The residual liquid (liquid fraction II), abundant in soluble oligosaccharides, was condensed, and ethanol was accordingly supplemented to precipitate the oligosaccharides because the oligomeric sugars with DP (degree of polymerization) higher than 3 were insoluble in ethanol . Liquid fraction I was vacuum-evaporated, such that the ethanol can be recovered and recycled consequently.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The residual liquid (liquid fraction II), abundant in soluble oligosaccharides, was condensed, and ethanol was accordingly supplemented to precipitate the oligosaccharides because the oligomeric sugars with DP (degree of polymerization) higher than 3 were insoluble in ethanol. 26 Liquid fraction I was vacuumevaporated, such that the ethanol can be recovered and recycled consequently. The condensed liquid can be separated into lignin-rich solid and phosphoric acid-rich liquid via adding distilled water according to the antisolvent principle.…”

Section: Fractionating Wheat Straw Via Php Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fractionating Wheat Straw via Phosphoric Acid with Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment and Structural Elucidation of the Derived Lignin

et al. 2018

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As a newly-developed method for pretreating lignocellulosic biomass, phosphoric acid plus hydrogen peroxide (PHP) was employed as a pretreatment solvent to fractionate wheat straw. The structural properties of the derived lignin were elucidated in particular. Results indicated that 100.0 g of wheat straw (dry basis) yielded 39.7 g of cellulose-rich fraction, 4.7 g of oligosaccharides, and 4.5 g of lignin at mild conditions of 50 °C within 1.0 h. The resultant cellulose-rich fraction was highly accessible to hydrolytic enzymes with 88–96% cellulose–glucose conversion in 24 h, suggesting a great potential for producing biofuels. The derived lignin was characterized as having high purity (≤1.0% residual carbohydrates) and relatively low molecular weight (M w < 1436 g mol–1) and being abundant in carboxylic acid functional groups. According to the 31P, 13C, and 2D heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy results on the derived lignin, the degree of condensation was quite limited during PHP pretreatment, the oxidants, produced as HO+ or HO· in pretreatment, were substantially responsible for the extensive ring-opening on the aromatic substructure. The obtained results offered the technical feasibility of fractionating lignocellulosic biomass using PHP and a better understanding of the delignification mechanisms for PHP pretreatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fractionating Wheat Straw Via Php Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionating Wheat Straw via Phosphoric Acid with Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment and Structural Elucidation of the Derived Lignin

et al. 2018

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“…SEC was shown to separate cellulose oligomers but the apparatus was very specific with columns either 1 m long or with a diameter of 5 cm . These kinds of columns are seldom commercially available and very expensive.…”

Section: Cellulose Oligomer Separation At Preparative Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble cellulose oligomer production by chemical and enzymatic synthesis: a mini-review

et al. 2017

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This mini‐review focuses on the production of water‐soluble cellulose oligomers. They are easier to handle than cellulose while still having some very interesting cellulose features. Their production is not trivial and they are thus seldom commercially available or are available at high prices and only in small quantities (100 mg or less). The goal of this mini‐review is to describe various routes to obtain these cellulose oligomers. Several examples of chemical or enzymatic synthesis and enzymatic or acidic depolymerization are presented. All the pathways considered are then compared according to several criteria: polymerization degree, yield, availability and cost of reagents, reaction time, etc. As most of the pathways produce a mixture of cellulose oligomers, techniques to separate them according to their length are also discussed. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Several studies have addressed the analysis and preparation of cello-oligomers. For a detailed overview, see [109]. To our knowledge, no research has been conducted to determine an accurate quantification of the oligomeric portion of the cellulose molecule.…”

Section: How To Measure Molecular Weightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Churms uses a particulate polyacrylamide (PAA) for a preparative SEC of cello-oligomers [111]. These gels are the most frequently used stationary phases in these efforts and are advantageous in terms of selectivity, resolution, low bond broadening, and linearity between the logarithm of the distribution coefficients and the degree of polymerization [109]. The main drawback of using PAA gels is their lack of resistance to high pressures, resulting in long separation times of 24 h or more [111,112].…”

Section: How To Measure Molecular Weightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Methods for the Direct Molar Mass Determination of Cellulose

2015

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Abstract:The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with an overview of the methods used to determine the molecular weights of cellulose. Methods that employ direct dissolution of the cellulose polymer are described; hence methods for investigating the molecular weight of cellulose in derivatized states, such as ethers or esters, only form a minor part of this review. Many of the methods described are primarily of historical interest since they have no use in modern cellulose chemistry. However, older methods, such as osmometry or ultracentrifuge experiments, were the first analytical methods used in polymer chemistry and continue to serve as sources of fundamental information (such as the cellulose structure in solution). The first part of the paper reviews methods, either absolute or relative, for the estimation of average molecular weights. Regardless of an absolute or relative approach, the outcome is a molecular weight average (MWA). In the final section, coupling methods are described. The primary benefit of performing a pre-separation step on the molecules is the discovery of the molecular weight distribution (MWD). Here, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is unquestionably the most powerful and most commonly-applied method in modern laboratories and industrial settings.

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Preparation and Analysis of Cello- and Xylooligosaccharides

Cited by 5 publications

References 137 publications

Fractionating Wheat Straw via Phosphoric Acid with Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment and Structural Elucidation of the Derived Lignin

Fractionating Wheat Straw via Phosphoric Acid with Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment and Structural Elucidation of the Derived Lignin

Water-soluble cellulose oligomer production by chemical and enzymatic synthesis: a mini-review

Overview of Methods for the Direct Molar Mass Determination of Cellulose

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