Preparation and application of polyethylene glycol triazine derivatives as a chrome-free tanning agent for wet-white leather manufacturing

A review of the green chemistry approaches to leather tanning in imparting sustainable leather manufacturing

“…Triazine derivatives of polyethylene glycol (TA- d -PEG) studied as a tanning agent for wet-white leather manufacturing increased the shrinkage temperature to above 80.0 °C without the requirement of pickling treatment. 149 Overall, EHBP-D in combination with BAS provided the best performance in terms of increasing the shrinkage temperature and water/chemical consumption.…”

“…The studied aldehyde polymers may include soybean polysaccharide dialdehyde (SPDA), 139 carboxymethyl cellulose dialdehyde (CMC-D), 140 waste paper cellulose dialdehyde (WPCD), 141 biomass-derived CMC-D alone and with low molecular weight chitosan (LMC-III with a molecular weight of 5148 g mol −1 ), 142 tara gum dialdehyde (TGD), 143 sodium alginate dialdehyde (SAD), 143 cyclodextrin dialdehyde, 143 and starch dialdehyde, 3 Al-masked corn cob hemicellulose aldehyde (Al-m-CCA), 144 Al-masked microcrystalline cellulose aldehyde (Al-m-MCA). 145 The other similar tanning agents studied are Zr-masked hemicellulose dialdehyde (Zr-m-HCD), 146 sugarcane bagasse cellulose dialdehyde (SBCD), 147 ethylene glycol glycidyl ether grafted corn starch dialdehyde (CSD- g -EGDE), 148 epichlorohydrin-modified hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched poly-(amine-ester) or EH–PAE–OH, 71 a copolymer of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and methacrylic acid/aluminium sulphate or P(POSS–MAA)–AS, 37 polyethylene glycol triazine (TA- d -PEG), 149 and corn starch dialdehyde (CSD). 150,151 Aldehyde groups are introduced in various biobased polymers (such as hemicellulose, corn starch, cellulose etc .)…”

Providing Natural Organic Pigments with Excellent Tanning Capabilities: A Novel “One-Pot” Tanning–Dyeing Integration Strategy for Sustainable Leather Manufacturing

“…Leather production generally includes dozens of processes, among which tanning is the essential step wherein the raw skin/hide is converted into a highly stable leather material . Currently, chromic salts are the species most widely used commercially to produce leather products with desirable physical and organoleptic properties due to their excellent crosslinking effects on collagen fibers (CFs). , Unfortunately, large amounts of chrome-containing solid and liquid wastes are inevitably generated because these pollutants are difficult to be adequately managed and disposed of at a low cost. , Such inevitable chrome-involved pollution has stringently driven leather manufacturers to seek cleaner chrome-free leather production alternate technologies. − Among the chrome-free tanning technologies developed recently, bio-based organic tanning materials have raised significant attention considering their sustainable nature and biodegradation features. − …”