Preparation and Applications of Nanocomposite Membranes for Water/Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Because of scarcity of clean water all over the globe, it is leads to serious challenges to the survival of all living species. Advanced treatment of water/wastewater techniques such as filtration separation and ion exchange separation are necessary for degradable or non-biodegradable detrimental and hazardous wastes removal from water. Membrane technology is of critical importance to solve this vital problem. In membrane technology, nanocomposite membranes (NCMs) are the most preferred in terms of their convenience. These membranes and their constituent materials are eco-friendly, low-cost, and energy-efficient materials. Also they have operational flexibility and feasibility. The current study presents an overview of the progress in NCMs to treat water/wastewater. To prepare NCMs, various used methods are discussed. Also, to improve the mechanical, antibacterial, and adsorption, properties of NCMs have been investigated. The objective of this work was to summarize the removal of toxic wastes from water/wastewater using various NCMs and to emphasize the shortfalls, and future prospective of NCMs technology are highlighted.

Removal of Metal Ions via Adsorption Using Carbon Magnetic Nanocomposites: Optimization through Response Surface Methodology, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

“…The treatment of this wastewater must be carried out using robust, simple, economically feasible and environmentally friendly techniques [4,10,11]. The most widely used techniques for improving effluent quality include the following: membrane filtration, coagulation and flocculation, chemical precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange, electrochemical removal, reverse osmosis and oxidation processes [11][12][13]. Most of these methods involve high operational and maintenance costs.…”