Preparation and Catalytic Application of Novel Water Tolerant Solid Acid Catalysts of Zirconium Sulfate/HZSM-5

Jiang, Ya; Juan, Joon Ching; Meng, Xiu juan; Cao, Wei; Yarmo, Mohd Ambar; Zhang, Jing Chang

doi:10.1016/s1005-9040(07)60074-9

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These XRD patterns revealed that Zn 2+ was dispersed on the ZSM-5 catalyst. The finding is in accord with the suggestions made by Jiang et al [35]. However, the peak intensities of fresh calcined ZSM-5 and fresh calcined ZSM-5-Zn were slightly different, which might be due to a certain absorption coefficient of Zn 2+ .…”

Section: -1 Surface Acidity and Carbon Content Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

Catalytic cracking of inedible camelina oils to hydrocarbon fuels over bifunctional Zn/ZSM-5 catalysts

Zhao

Wei

Julson

et al. 2015

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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Catalytic cracking of camelina oils to hydrocarbon fuels over ZSM-5 and ZSM-5 impregnated with Zn 2+ (named bifunctional catalyst) was individually carried out at 500 o C using a tubular fixed-bed reactor. Fresh and used catalysts were characterized by ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH 3 -TPD), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and nitrogen isothermal adsorption/desorption micropore analyzer. The effect of catalysts on the yield rate and qualities of products was discussed. The loading of Zn 2+ to ZSM-5 provided additional acid sites and increased the ratio of Lewis acid site to Brøn-sted acid site. BET results revealed that the surface area and pore volume of the catalyst decreased after ZSM-5 was impregnated with zinc, while the pore size increased. When using the bifunctional catalyst, the pH value and heating value of upgraded camelina oils increased, while the oxygen content and moisture content decreased. Additionally, the yield rate of hydrocarbon fuels increased, while the density and oxygen content decreased. Because of a high content of fatty acids, the distillation residues of cracking oils might be recycled to the process to improve the hydrocarbon fuel yield rate.

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Section: -1 Surface Acidity and Carbon Content Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

Catalytic cracking of inedible camelina oils to hydrocarbon fuels over bifunctional Zn/ZSM-5 catalysts

Zhao

Wei

Julson

et al. 2015

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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show abstract

“…However, the catalytic activity of ZS is limited by the available specific surface area [4]. It was reported that the supported ZS on HZSM-5 used in the esterification of acrylic acid showed high conversion [5], but the pore diameter of HZSM-5 was too small to be used in the esterification of stearic acid with TEA. In recent years, significant interests have been generated in mesoporous molecular sieve materials SBA-15 owing to its larger pores, thicker walls, large surface area, and high hydrothermal stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification of Stearic Acid with Triethanolamine over Zirconium Sulfate Supported on SBA‐15 Mesoporous Molecular Sieve

Jiang

Wang

2010

J Surfact & Detergents

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Zirconium sulfate supported on SBA-15 (pore diameter about 6 nm) mesoporous molecular sieve was synthesized. Various techniques, such as nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and temperature-programmed desorption, were used to characterize the prepared catalysts. It was shown that the catalyst exhibited straight, parallel, and uniform channels, zirconium sulfate had been finely dispersed on the surface of SBA-15, and most of the zirconium sulfate species were located inside the pore channels. The catalyst contained two kinds of acid sites with different strengths. Zirconium sulfate supported on SBA-15 was used to catalyze the esterification of stearic acid with triethanolamine and recycling was used. The composition of esteramine was analyzed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The analytic results showed that the catalytic activity and selectivity of zirconium sulfate supported on SBA-15 in the esterification of stearic acid and triethanolamine was better than that of phosphorous acid, zirconium sulfate supported on MCM-41, and zirconium sulfate supported on SBA-15.

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“…Sulfur leaching would occur due to the hydrolysis of ZS with H 2 SO 4 and HSO 4 À1 forms. The experimental results showed that the catalyst component could not leach easily because the ZS/TCM solid acid catalyst had a good hydrophobic property in the reaction system of water generation [26]. Although no sulfur was present in the acidified oil, a sulfur content of 76.7 mg/kg and 48.6 mg/kg were detected in the first product by using the ZS and 11.4% ZS/TCM catalysts, respectively.…”

Section: Reusability Of Zs/tcm and Zsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, various microporous or mesoporous supports with high surface areas have been used to overcome these disadvantages. In recent years, the ZS has been usually supported on a carrier such as SAPO-34 [21], activated carbon [22], HMS [23], MCM-41 [24,25], HZSM-5 [18,26] and carbon nanotubes [27] for esterification. A significant increase of the catalytic activity could be achieved when the ZS was supported on various supports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A flow-through tubular catalytic membrane reactor using zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate-impregnated carbon membranes for acidified oil esterification

et al. 2017

Journal of the Energy Institute

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Preparation and Catalytic Application of Novel Water Tolerant Solid Acid Catalysts of Zirconium Sulfate/HZSM-5

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Catalytic cracking of inedible camelina oils to hydrocarbon fuels over bifunctional Zn/ZSM-5 catalysts

Catalytic cracking of inedible camelina oils to hydrocarbon fuels over bifunctional Zn/ZSM-5 catalysts

Esterification of Stearic Acid with Triethanolamine over Zirconium Sulfate Supported on SBA‐15 Mesoporous Molecular Sieve

A flow-through tubular catalytic membrane reactor using zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate-impregnated carbon membranes for acidified oil esterification

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