Preparation and characterisation of polyvinyl alcohol/oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre composite

Abstract

This paper focusses on the effect of thermal ageing and mechanical properties of empty fruit bunch filled polyvinyl alcohol composites. A composite plate with various volume fractions from 0·5 to 3 wt-% of empty fruit bunch was fabricated. The composites were created by a casting evaporation technique. Generally, there appears to be intimate contact between empty fruit bunch fibre and polyvinyl alcohol. In composites with higher fibre content, there is a greater tendency for filler interaction to take place. The results showed that the addition of 1 wt-% of empty fruit bunch fibre increased the tensile strength and modulus of the polyvinyl alcohol/ empty fruit bunch fibre composite. There was a further increase in the mechanical properties of all the samples after thermal ageing at 50°C for 6 hours.

A review on lignocellulose/poly (vinyl alcohol) composites: cleaner approaches for greener materials

“…Films' thickness was reported from 40 lm (Zhang et al 2020b) to 90 lm (Haque et al 2020f), when slightly higher size (1-6 lm) of LC particles were used. However, for even larger size particles (50-188 lm), the reported thickness ranged in a very wide array, starting from 50 lm (Imam et al 2005), to 700 lm (Ching et al 2014), some of them fell in the 'sheet' category. LC/PVA composite of 1 mm thickness is also reported, when used as a mulch (Tan et al 2015a).…”

Mechanical characteristics of composites based on oil palm empty fruit bunch, modified oca starch and polyvinyl alcohol

“…Relatively wide size distribution of large fibers influences on the transference of stress to the fibers, generating tensile strength drop. 13 However, low values of tensile strength suggest the inability of studied particle sizes to absorb stress transferred from the modified-starch/ PVA matrix. In addition, tensile strength could also be affected by PVA deformation mechanism in relation to chain-folded spherulite rearrangement through a crystallographic slip within the lamellae.…”

“…7,8 Additionally, several studies have reported the use of EFB in thermoplastic matrices of polystyrene, polypropylene, polyesters and polyvinyl chloride. 4,[9][10][11][12][13][14] On the other hand, non-renewable origin, misuse and final dispose drawbacks of some traditional polymers mean also important environmental problems worldwide. Hence, one of the major challenges implies research and development of eco-friendly materials through sustainable raw resources.…”

Aprovechamiento de Desechos Lignocelulósicos Derivados de la Producción Industrial de Aceite de Palma en el Desarrollo de Materiales Compuestos

“…Pese a que los estudios relativos al desarrollo de materiales elaborados con residuos agroindustriales de palma aceitera crecen a nivel mundial, gran parte de ellos han sido realizados únicamente con residuos originarios del sudeste asiático, India y África occidental (Abdullah, Nazir, Raza, Wahjoedi, & Yussof, 2016;Ching et al, 2014;Rozman, Lai, Ismail, & Mohd Ishak, 2000;Rozman et al, 1999;Rozman, Saad, & Ishak, 2002;Shinoj, Visvanathan, Panigrahi, & Kochubabu, 2011;Wirjosentono, Guritno, & Ismail, 2004). Por otra parte, la microestructura y propiedades de las fibras lignocelulósicas dependen en gran medida de la variedad cultivada así como también de factores edafoclimáticos de la plantación y de la zona geográfica (Mohit & Arul Mozhi Selvan, 2018), por lo que las investigaciones llevadas a cabo con residuos procedentes de otras zonas geográficas, no son completamente extrapolables a la realidad latinoamericana.…”