Preparation and characteristics of medicinal activated carbon powders by CO2 activation of peanut shells

Wu, Man; Guo, Qi; Fu, Guojia

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2013.07.013

Cited by 74 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Peanuts are widely used for food, oil, and medicine; they have many other uses, as well ). However, the main problem is the generation of waste biomass, namely peanut shells, which constitute about 30 % of peanut production (Wu et al 2013). Most peanut shells are discarded as solid waste or are burned off in stacks, resulting in lost resources and environmental pollution; thus, there is a need to convert these shells to useful and valuable products (Ahmad et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study on phosphate removal from aqueous solution by biochar derived from peanut shell as renewable adsorptive media

Jung

Hwang

Ahn

et al. 2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

162

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As an alternative strategy for phosphate removal, biochar (black carbon) has characteristics superior to those of widely used adsorptive media, from both economic and environmental points of view. In this study, various types of biochar derived from oak wood, bamboo wood, maize residue, soybean stover, and peanut shell were tested for evaluation of phosphate removal. After 24 h of reaction time, the phosphate removal was limited (2.0-9.4 %) in case of general adsorptive media. However, interestingly, among various biochars, peanut shell-derived biochar (PSB) exhibited the best performance, showing the highest phosphate removal rate, 61.3 % (3.8 mg PO 4-P g PSB -1 ). We attribute this high value to the proper structural properties of PSB, such as BET-specific surface area of 348.96 m 2 g -1 and mineral/phosphorus ratio (Mg/ P = 3.46 and Ca/P = 47.6). Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of phosphate at different temperature (10, 20, and 30°C) were well explained in the whole experimental region by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of PSB was 6.79 mg g -1 for phosphate at 30°C. These findings suggest that PSB has great potential as an alternative and renewable adsorptive media for phosphate removal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study on phosphate removal from aqueous solution by biochar derived from peanut shell as renewable adsorptive media

Jung

Hwang

Ahn

et al. 2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

162

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“…Activated carbons are highly porous materials commonly used as catalysts [1], capacitor components [2] and drugs [3] as well as for storage, separation and purification of gases [4] and liquids [5,6]. For their preparation, materials with high carbon and low ash contents can be used [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from biomass material – giant knotweed (Reynoutria sachalinensis)

2015

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Activated carbons from biomass material of giant knotweed Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt ex Maxim.) Nakai were obtained. Use of this plant for manufacturing activated carbon has not been studied yet. Therefore, the first activated carbons of giant knotweed origin are described. Both physicochemical (by steam and CO 2 ) and chemical (by KOH) activation methods were applied. Influences of temperature (500, 600, 700 and 800°C), burn-off [10, 25 and 50 wt. % (daf)] and KOH concentration on pores surface area and volume distribution of the obtained activated carbons were explored. Porosity of the elaborated sorbents was determined by benzene and carbon dioxide sorption measurements. Sorbents obtained by steam activation were micro-and mesoporous with surface area and volume of pores increasing with temperature and burn-off to V = 0.351 cm 3 g -1 and S = 768 m 2 g -1 at 800°C at 50% burn-off. Carbon dioxide activation resulted with notably microporous activated carbons with porous texture parameters also increasing with burn-off to V = 0.286 cm 3 g -1 and S = 724 m 2 g -1 at 50% burn-off. The highest BET surface area of 2541 m 2 g -1 was achieved when chemical (KOH) activation was performed using KOH to char ratio 4:1.

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“…Among the chemical activation reagents, ZnCl 2 is one of the widely used chemical agents in the preparation of activated carbon (Aravindhan et al, 2009;Mohan and Pittman, 2006). Many researches have been reported related to preparing activated carbon from the biomasses such as bamboo (Liu et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2015), bagasse (Tsai et al, 2001), olive stones (Martinez et al, 2006), cherry stones (Angin, 2014), oil-palm stones (Lua and Guo, 2001), apricot stones (Şentorun-Shalaby et al, 2006), walnut shells (Martinez et al, 2006), nutshells (Hayashi et al, 2002), pine cone (Momčilović et al, 2011), acorn shells (Saka, 2012), groundnut shells (Malik et al, 2007), peanut shells (Wu et al, 2013;Zhong et al, 2012;Georgin et al, 2016), coconut shells (Hasar et al, 2008), palm shell (Arami-Niya et al, 2010), cotton stalk (Deng et al, 2009), tobacco residues (Kilic et al, 2011), coffee husks (Oliveira et al, 2009), tea industry waste (Gundogdu et al, 2013), grape stalk (Deiana et al, 2009;Ozdemir et al, 2014), vine shoots (Barroso-Bogeat et al;CorchoCorral et al, 2006;Nabais et al, 2010), and water melon rind (Uner et al, 2015) by different activation methods. Among these precursors, vine shoots is also agricultural by-product generated as a result of the annual pruning works carried out in all vineyards every year.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Activated Carbon from Vine Shoots by ZnCl2 Activation and Investigation of Its Rifampicine Removal Capability

Erdem

Orhan

Şahin

et al. 2016

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Preparation and characterization of a novel activated carbon obtained from vine shoots by ZnCl 2 activation and its rifampicine removal capacity were investigated in this study. The effects of activation temperature and impregnation ratio (precursor/ZnCl 2 ) on the activated carbon properties were investigated. The prepared activated carbon was characterized by BET surface area, surface functional group analysis by Boehm's titration and FT-IR analysis, pH pzc , iodine number, SEM-EDX, and particle size distribution. The results showed that the surface area, pore size, and pore volume of the activated carbon increased with the increasing temperature and impregnation ratio and reached maxima at the impregnation ratio of 40/30 at 700°C. Under the optimal conditions, it was determined that the BET surface area, total pore volume, iodine number, and pH pzc of the activated carbon were 1689 m 2 /g, 0.842 cm 3 /g, 1276 mg/g, and 4.8, respectively, and it has mainly acidic functional groups (total 0.2516 meq/g) on its surface. The activated carbon obtained was evaluated for rifampicine removal efficiency depending on contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration of rifampicine. Maximum adsorption capacity of rifampicine by the activated carbon (Q°) was determined according to Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption data was best fitted to the Langmuir isotherm with R 2 of 0.983 and Q°was found to be 476.2 mg/g.

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Preparation and characteristics of medicinal activated carbon powders by CO2 activation of peanut shells

Cited by 74 publications

References 27 publications

Kinetic study on phosphate removal from aqueous solution by biochar derived from peanut shell as renewable adsorptive media

Kinetic study on phosphate removal from aqueous solution by biochar derived from peanut shell as renewable adsorptive media

Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from biomass material – giant knotweed (Reynoutria sachalinensis)

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Activated Carbon from Vine Shoots by ZnCl2 Activation and Investigation of Its Rifampicine Removal Capability

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